1980年至2022年后殖民时期津巴布韦的人兽关系和牲畜疾病管理

IF 0.3 Q4 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
Wesley Mwatwara
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引用次数: 0

摘要

津巴布韦殖民地的牲畜疾病管理策略的历史总体上揭示了传统兽医设施的不平衡和种族化,这些设施更青睐白人而不是黑人拥有的牲畜。在这种背景下,本文考察了后殖民时期津巴布韦出现的人与动物的关系,当时这些设施的使用在一个新时代被开放,在这个时代,公共牲畜所有者仍然与国家断绝了相互关系。在阐述这一点时,它还探讨了阻碍社区牲畜农民饲养“健康”牲畜的因素。使用定性方法,它讨论了后殖民国家如何未能提供强大的国家兽医服务,并展示了社区农民在动物流行病和兽疫损失中的代理作用。正如这项研究将表明的那样,牲畜疾病及其带来的挑战对人类(社区农民)如何决定饲养哪种动物以及如何饲养它们产生了重大影响。它的结论是,牲畜疾病和从前者造成的困境中产生的人与动物关系对国家-社区畜牧业农民关系产生了负面影响,并促进了在津巴布韦社区地区,原本被官方鄙视的牲畜知识制度的持续相关性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Human-Animal Relations and Livestock Disease Management in Postcolonial Zimbabwe, c.1980 to 2022
The history of livestock disease management strategies in colonial Zimbabwe has generally revealed uneven and racialised access to conventional veterinary facilities that favoured white- over black-owned livestock. In light of this context, this article examines the human-animal relationships that emerged in post-colonial Zimbabwe when access to such facilities was liberalised in a new era in which communal livestock owners still had broken interrelations with the state. In articulating this, it also explores factors that precluded communal livestock farmers from raising 'healthy' livestock. Using qualitative methods, it discusses how the postcolonial state failed to provide robust state veterinary services, and demonstrates communal farmers' agency amidst loss to epizootics and enzootics. As this study will show, livestock diseases and the challenges they posed significantly impacted on how humans (communal farmers) determined which animals to raise and how to raise them. It concludes that livestock diseases and the human-animal relationships that emerged out of the quandary posed by the former, had a negative impact on state-communal livestock farmer relationships, and promoted the continued relevance of otherwise officially despised livestock knowledge regimes in Zimbabwe's communal areas.
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来源期刊
Global Environment
Global Environment ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES-
CiteScore
0.50
自引率
25.00%
发文量
25
期刊介绍: The half-yearly journal Global Environment: A Journal of History and Natural and Social Sciences acts as a forum and echo chamber for ongoing studies on the environment and world history, with special focus on modern and contemporary topics. Our intent is to gather and stimulate scholarship that, despite a diversity of approaches and themes, shares an environmental perspective on world history in its various facets, including economic development, social relations, production government, and international relations. One of the journal’s main commitments is to bring together different areas of expertise in both the natural and the social sciences to facilitate a common language and a common perspective in the study of history. This commitment is fulfilled by way of peer-reviewed research articles and also by interviews and other special features. Global Environment strives to transcend the western-centric and ‘developist’ bias that has dominated international environmental historiography so far and to favour the emergence of spatially and culturally diversified points of view. It seeks to replace the notion of ‘hierarchy’ with those of ‘relationship’ and ‘exchange’ – between continents, states, regions, cities, central zones and peripheral areas – in studying the construction or destruction of environments and ecosystems.
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