畜禽复合饲料中重金属和硒含量的监测

T. Kalyuzhnaya, D. Orlova, L. Karpenko, A. Bakhta, M. Dmitrieva
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摘要

目前,由于《饲料和饲料添加剂安全技术法规》尚未获批,从技术法规上规范生产性畜禽饲料安全指标的问题处于监管真空状态。这种情况也适用于有毒元素含量的指标,其中包括硒和锌、铜、铁等重金属,它们能够在体内积累并通过食物链迁移。就上述情况而言,这项研究的目的是监测和分析在圣彼得堡和列宁格勒地区销售的生产动物和家禽的复合饲料中重金属和硒的含量,作为毒理学安全指标。作为工作的一部分,对国内生产的40个混合饲料样品进行了检查。所研究的猪、仔猪配合饲料占50.0%,肉鸡和牛配合饲料各占25.0%。第一阶段,在马弗炉中进行样品制备和矿化。第二阶段,使用原子吸收光谱仪Thermo Scientific Solaar S4,按照现行规范性文件测定矿化样品中铜、锌、铁、硒的含量。第三阶段,根据MDU第123-4/281- 8-87号《动物饲料和饲料添加剂中某些化学元素和棉酚含量的临时最高允许限量(MDU)》对结果进行分析和比较。研究样品中检测到的铜、铁和硒的浓度符合现行监管文件的要求,没有超过规定的MDU。在测定锌时,发现40个样品中有38个样品符合监管文件的要求,其余2个样品的MDU分别超标1.1倍和近1.5倍。监测研究的结果使我们能够就圣彼得堡和列宁格勒地区销售的复合饲料的重金属和硒含量得出安全结论
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Monitoring of the content of heavy metals and selenium in com-pound feeds for productive animals and poultry
Currently, the issue of regulating the safety indicators of feed for productive animals and poultry in terms of technical regulation is in a regulatory vacuum, since the Technical Regulation "On the safety of feed and feed additives" has not been approved. This situation also applies to indicators of the content of toxic elements, which include selenium and heavy metals such as zinc, copper, iron, capable of accumulation in the body and migration through food chains. In connection with the above, the purpose of the research was to monitor and analyze the content of heavy metals and selenium in compound feeds for productive animals and poultry sold on the territory of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region as an indicator of toxicological safety.As part of the work, 40 samples of mixed feeds of domestic production were examined. The share of the studied compound feeds for pigs and piglets accounted for 50.0%, for broilers and cattle - 25.0% each. At the first stage, sample preparation and mineralization of samples were carried out in a muffle furnace. At the second stage, using the atomic absorption spectrometer Thermo Scientific Solaar S4, the amount of copper, zinc, iron, selenium in the mineralized sample was determined in accordance with the current regulatory documents. At the third stage, the results were analyzed in comparison with the temporary maximum permissible level according to MDU No. 123-4/281- 8-87 "Temporary maximum permissible level (MDU) of the content of certain chemical elements and gossypol in animal feed and feed additives".The detected concentrations of copper, iron and selenium in the studied samples met the requirements of the current regulatory documentation and did not exceed the established MDU. When determining zinc, it was revealed that 38 samples out of 40 met the requirements of regulatory documentation, in the remaining 2 samples, an excess of MDU was found to be 1.1 and almost 1.5 times, respectively. The obtained results of the monitoring studies allow us to draw a conclusion about the safety of compound feeds in terms of the content of heavy metals and selenium sold on the territory of St. Petersburg and the Leningrad region
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