塞尔维亚东部Bor和Majdanpek斑岩铜矿矿区含酸性矿山水的环境影响评估和比较

IF 1.1 4区 地球科学 Q3 GEOLOGY
Resource Geology Pub Date : 2021-01-28 DOI:10.1111/rge.12254
D. Adamović, D. Ishiyama, S. Dordievski, Y. Ogawa, Z. Stevanović, H. Kawaraya, Hinako Sato, L. Obradović, Vladan Marinković, J. Petrović, V. Gardić
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引用次数: 5

摘要

塞尔维亚东部博尔和马伊丹佩克矿区的采矿活动分别于1903年和1961年开始。博尔矿区的环境问题是在博尔矿投产后开始出现的。博尔和马伊丹佩克矿区河水的长期污染对东欧产生了环境影响,因为这些矿区的所有河水都流入多瑙河。然而,污染地区的大小以及博尔和马伊丹佩克矿区环境影响的差异尚不清楚。为了确定采矿活动对研究地区河水的影响,绘制了显示硫酸盐、重金属和砷分布的地球化学地图;从背景值中区分异常值的阈值估计;并对两个矿区的环境影响进行了比较。在Bor矿区的Bor河、Krivelj河和Bela河中发现了高浓度的SO42−、Fe、As、Cu和Mn。这些河流的特点是酸性pH值在2.9到6.2之间。在小白河和白河上游也检测到这些成分的高浓度。这些河流位于Majdanpek矿区,pH值为弱碱性(7.3-8.4)。Bor矿区酸性河水向下游输送了大量重金属和砷(铁6900 t/年、砷42 t/年、铜910 t/年、锰187 t/年)。另一方面,马吉丹佩克矿区的弱碱性河水向下游输送较少的重金属和砷(铁160 t/年,砷0.1 t/年,铜6 t/年,锰272 t/年)。Bor矿区的环境影响明显大于Majdanpek矿区。此外,根据河水中异常值的分布,采矿活动造成的污染到达多瑙河,多瑙河距离博尔和马伊丹佩克矿区100多公里。酸性污染的贝拉河水与碳酸氢盐浓度较高的Timok河水混合后,Bor矿区贝拉河中SO42−、Fe、As、Cu和Mn的浓度大大降低。这一事实表明,博尔和马伊丹佩克矿区的河水有足够的中和能力。考虑到环境复垦的适当对策,如在矿区排放废水前对一些重要的废水源进行人工中和,研究区未污染的河水在自然系统中具有足够的中和能力,两个矿区都有可能进行环境复垦。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Estimation and comparison of the environmental impacts of acid mine drainage‐bearing river water in the Bor and Majdanpek porphyry copper mining areas in Eastern Serbia
Mining activities in the Bor and Majdanpek mining areas in Eastern Serbia started in 1903 and 1961, respectively. Environmental problems in the Bor mining area began after the opening of the Bor mine. Long‐term pollution of river water in the Bor and Majdanpek mining areas has an environmental impact on East Europe because all of the river water from these mining areas flows into the Danube River. However, the sizes of areas with pollution and the differences between the environmental impacts of the Bor and Majdanpek mining areas are not clear. In order to determine the effects of mining activities on river water in the study area, creation of geochemical maps showing the distributions of sulfate, heavy metals, and arsenic; estimation of threshold values to discriminate anomalous values from background values; and comparison of the environmental impacts of the two mining areas were carried out. High concentrations of SO42−, Fe, As, Cu, and Mn were found in the Bor River, Krivelj River, and Bela River located in the Bor mining area. These rivers are characterized by acidic pH ranging from 2.9 to 6.2. High concentrations of these components were also measured in the Small Pek River and the upper reach of the Pek River. These rivers are located in the Majdanpek mining area and are characterized by weakly alkaline pH (7.3–8.4). The acidic river water in the Bor mining area transports large quantities of heavy metals and arsenic downstream (6,900 t/year of Fe, 42 t/year of As, 910 t/year of Cu, and 187 t/year of Mn). On the other hand, the weakly alkaline river water in the Majdanpek mining area transports smaller quantities of heavy metals and arsenic downstream (160 t/year of Fe, 0.1 t/year of As, 6 t/year of Cu, and 272 t/year of Mn). The environmental impact of the Bor mining area is significantly larger than that of the Majdanpek mining area. In addition, on the basis of the distribution of anomalous values in river water, pollution caused by mining activities reaches the Danube River, which is located more than 100 km from the Bor and Majdanpek mining areas. Concentrations of SO42−, Fe, As, Cu, and Mn in the Bela River in the Bor mining area have been greatly decreased after mixing of acidic polluted water of the Bela River with water of the Timok River containing a high bicarbonate concentration. This fact suggests that river water in the Bor and Majdanpek mining areas has sufficient capacity for neutralization. Considering appropriate countermeasures of environmental reclamation, such as artificial neutralization at some important sources of waste water before discharging the waste water from the mining sites, there is a possibility for environmental reclamation in both mining areas because unpolluted river water in the study area has sufficient capacity for neutralization in a natural system.
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来源期刊
Resource Geology
Resource Geology 地学-地质学
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
14.30%
发文量
18
审稿时长
12 months
期刊介绍: Resource Geology is an international journal focusing on economic geology, geochemistry and environmental geology. Its purpose is to contribute to the promotion of earth sciences related to metallic and non-metallic mineral deposits mainly in Asia, Oceania and the Circum-Pacific region, although other parts of the world are also considered. Launched in 1998 by the Society for Resource Geology, the journal is published quarterly in English, making it more accessible to the international geological community. The journal publishes high quality papers of interest to those engaged in research and exploration of mineral deposits.
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