Umbellifere and traditional music

Multipipe flutes (Pan flutes) made of hollow stems of Umbelliferous plants were in use in Russia up until the start of the 21st century in KomiPermyak, Komi-Zyryan and Russian people. The plant species were identified as Angelica sylvestris and A. archangelica. The authors collected an interesting plant “zargum” (“zorka”) in Komi-Permyak region and identified it as A. sylvestris. A pipe is closed, involves a stem node together with an internode fragment. The internode anatomy in Angelica sylvestris and A. archangelica was studied. The epidermis, collenchyma, and cortex are not lignified, the vascular bundles form a ring, the interfascicular space being completely filled with sclerenchyma, and the central primary parenchyma also becomes lignified. The sturdiness of the musical instrument, retention of its form upon drying, and the sound quality can all be attributed to the presence of this solid lignified cylinder