核重启政治:“核村”如何失去政策执行力

IF 1.2 4区 社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES
Florentine Koppenborg
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引用次数: 9

摘要

2011年3月的核事故(3.11)彻底动摇了日本的核能政策。2012年,自民党(LDP)带着支持核能的政策重返政府,并打算迅速重启核电站。然而,到2020年,只有6座核反应堆在运行。为什么尽管有明显的政治支持,重启核项目的进展却如此缓慢?本文调查了重启核电站的过程。关键发现是,以自民党、经济产业省和核工业为中心的“核村”,以前控制着核政策目标的制定和实施,现在仍然负责政策决策,即目标的制定,但由于核反应堆重启的长期冲突,失去了政策执行权。改变核反应堆重启政治的主要因素是日本新成立的核安全机构核管理委员会(NRA),以及针对核反应堆的公民集体诉讼数量的大幅增加。这些发现突出了在评估政策变化时评估决策和执行的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Nuclear Restart Politics: How the ‘Nuclear Village’ Lost Policy Implementation Power
The March 2011 nuclear accident (3.11) shook Japan’s nuclear energy policy to its core. In 2012, the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) returned to government with a pro-nuclear policy and the intention to swiftly restart nuclear power plants. In 2020, however, only six nuclear reactors were in operation. Why has the progress of nuclear restarts been so slow despite apparent political support? This article investigates the process of restarting nuclear power plants. The key finding is that the ‘nuclear village’, centered on the LDP, Ministry of Economy Trade and Industry, and the nuclear industry, which previously controlled both nuclear policy goal-setting and implementation, remained in charge of policy decision making, i.e. goal-setting, but lost policy implementation power to an extended conflict over nuclear reactor restarts. The main factors that changed the politics of nuclear reactor restarts are Japan’s new nuclear safety agency, the Nuclear Regulation Authority (NRA), and a substantial increase in the number of citizens’ class-action lawsuits against nuclear reactors. These findings highlight the importance of assessing both decision making and implementation in assessments of policy change.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
28
期刊介绍: Social Science Japan Journal is a new forum for original scholarly papers on modern Japan. It publishes papers that cover Japan in a comparative perspective and papers that focus on international issues that affect Japan. All social science disciplines (economics, law, political science, history, sociology, and anthropology) are represented. All papers are refereed. The journal includes a book review section with substantial reviews of books on Japanese society, written in both English and Japanese. The journal occasionally publishes reviews of the current state of social science research on Japanese society in different countries.
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