高原生存用固体化学制氧机的研究

中华航空航天医学杂志 Pub Date : 2014-09-15 DOI:10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1007-6239.2014.03.010

Zhou Xingming, Hu Xiao, Mao Shenghua, M. Long

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Long","doi":"10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1007-6239.2014.03.010","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Objective To develop a plateau lifesaving used solid oxygen generator with such performances as 120 L oxygen delivery capacity,1.5 L/min minimum flow supply,30 min working time and-40℃ to 50℃ working temperature.Methods The structure of oxygen generator for plateau lifesaving was developed based on chlorate combustion and decomposition reaction.Four formulas of oxygen candle were designed.Formula 1:91％ oxygen source +30％ metal powder +2％ catalyst +4％ inhibitor of chlorine; formula 2:91％ oxygen source +5％ metal powder +4％ inhibitor of chlorine; formula 3:91％ oxygen source + 5 ％ metal powder + 4 ％ inhibitor of chlorine in foreside,91.5％ oxygen source +4.5％ metal powder +4％ inhibitor of chlorine in tail; formula 4:88％ oxygen source + 5％ metal powder + 4％ inhibitor of chlorine + 3％ stabilizer in foreside,88.5％ oxygen source +4.5％ metal powder +4％ inhibitor of chlorine +-3％ stabilizer in tail.The oxygen supply performances,such as working time,flow rate,etc.of generator were respectively measured under low,normal and high temperature.The oxygen purification produced from the generator was studied.Two healthy volunteers were selected as the subjects.Their oxygen saturation change (SaO2) was observed at different altitude after they used solid oxygen generator.Results The performance of solid oxygen generator with formula 3 and 4 met the demands of specifications and standards.The oxygen supply performances of formula 4 were more stable and sensitive than others.The gas component produced from the solid oxygen generator was all up to the standard.The SaO2 of two volunteers reached 90％ or higher at 4 939 m altitude after breathing from solid oxygen generator.Conclusions The solid chemical oxygen generator could meet the demands of plateau lifesaving and withstand-40℃ to 50℃ working for 30 min.Reducing catalytic agent,increasing the proper contents of metal fuel and adding stabilizer agent could stabilize the oxygen produce velocity of oxygen generator.A 30-min solid oxygen generator could provide oxygen for 2 people at same time and ensure the effect of oxygen inhalation,which indicates the generator has reached the goal of hypoxia protection in plateau. \n \nKey words: \nAltitude; Anoxia; Lifesaving equipment; Oxygen generator","PeriodicalId":9904,"journal":{"name":"中华航空航天医学杂志","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2014-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Study on solid chemical oxygen generator for survival in the plateau\",\"authors\":\"Zhou Xingming, Hu Xiao, Mao Shenghua, M. 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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的研制供氧能力120 L、最小供氧流量1.5 L/min、工作时间30 min、工作温度40 ~ 50℃的高原救生用固体氧气发生器。方法研制基于氯酸盐燃烧分解反应的高原救生氧气发生器结构。设计了四种氧烛配方。式:91%氧源+30%金属粉+2%催化剂+4%氯抑制剂;式:91%氧源+5%金属粉+4%氯抑制剂;式:91%氧源+ 5%金属粉末+4%氯缓释剂在前端，91.5%氧源+4.5%金属粉末+4%氯缓释剂在尾部;式:88%氧源+ 5%金属粉末+4%氯阻垢剂+ 3%稳定剂在前端，88.5%氧源+4.5%金属粉末+4%氯阻垢剂+-3%稳定剂在尾部。供氧性能，如工作时间、流量等。分别在低温、常温和高温条件下对发电机的性能进行了测试。对该发生器产生的氧气净化进行了研究。选取两名健康志愿者作为研究对象。使用固体氧气发生器后，在不同海拔高度观察了它们的氧饱和度变化(SaO2)。结果配方3和配方4生产的固体氧发生器性能均满足规范标准要求。配方4的供氧性能较稳定、灵敏。固体氧发生器生产的气体组分均达到标准。2名志愿者在4 939 m高空使用固体制氧机呼吸后，SaO2达到90%以上。结论固体化学制氧机能满足高原救生的要求，能承受40 ~ 50℃工作30 min，减少催化剂用量、适当增加金属燃料含量和添加稳定剂能稳定制氧机的产氧速度。一台30min的固体氧气发生器可以同时为2个人提供氧气，并保证吸氧效果，表明该发生器达到了高原缺氧保护的目的。关键词:海拔;缺氧;救生设备;氧气发生器

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Study on solid chemical oxygen generator for survival in the plateau

Objective To develop a plateau lifesaving used solid oxygen generator with such performances as 120 L oxygen delivery capacity,1.5 L/min minimum flow supply,30 min working time and-40℃ to 50℃ working temperature.Methods The structure of oxygen generator for plateau lifesaving was developed based on chlorate combustion and decomposition reaction.Four formulas of oxygen candle were designed.Formula 1:91％ oxygen source +30％ metal powder +2％ catalyst +4％ inhibitor of chlorine; formula 2:91％ oxygen source +5％ metal powder +4％ inhibitor of chlorine; formula 3:91％ oxygen source + 5 ％ metal powder + 4 ％ inhibitor of chlorine in foreside,91.5％ oxygen source +4.5％ metal powder +4％ inhibitor of chlorine in tail; formula 4:88％ oxygen source + 5％ metal powder + 4％ inhibitor of chlorine + 3％ stabilizer in foreside,88.5％ oxygen source +4.5％ metal powder +4％ inhibitor of chlorine +-3％ stabilizer in tail.The oxygen supply performances,such as working time,flow rate,etc.of generator were respectively measured under low,normal and high temperature.The oxygen purification produced from the generator was studied.Two healthy volunteers were selected as the subjects.Their oxygen saturation change (SaO2) was observed at different altitude after they used solid oxygen generator.Results The performance of solid oxygen generator with formula 3 and 4 met the demands of specifications and standards.The oxygen supply performances of formula 4 were more stable and sensitive than others.The gas component produced from the solid oxygen generator was all up to the standard.The SaO2 of two volunteers reached 90％ or higher at 4 939 m altitude after breathing from solid oxygen generator.Conclusions The solid chemical oxygen generator could meet the demands of plateau lifesaving and withstand-40℃ to 50℃ working for 30 min.Reducing catalytic agent,increasing the proper contents of metal fuel and adding stabilizer agent could stabilize the oxygen produce velocity of oxygen generator.A 30-min solid oxygen generator could provide oxygen for 2 people at same time and ensure the effect of oxygen inhalation,which indicates the generator has reached the goal of hypoxia protection in plateau. Key words: Altitude; Anoxia; Lifesaving equipment; Oxygen generator

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来源期刊

中华航空航天医学杂志航空航天医学

自引率

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发文量

2962

期刊介绍： The aim of Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine is to combine theory and practice, improve and popularize, actively advocate a hundred flowers bloom and a hundred schools of thought contend, advocate seeking truth from facts, promote the development of the related disciplines of aerospace medicine and human efficiency, and promote the exchange and penetration of aerospace medicine and human efficiency with other biomedical and engineering specialties. Topics of interest for Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine include: -The content of the journal belongs to the discipline of special medicine and military medicine, with the characteristics of multidisciplinary synthesis and cross-penetration, and mainly reflected in the aerospace industry, aerospace flight safety and efficiency, as well as the synthesis of special medicine, preventive medicine, environmental medicine, psychology, etc. -Military aeromedicine (Air Force, Navy and Army aeromedicine) and civil aeromedicine, with a balance of aerospace medicine are the strengths of the journal. -The change in aerospace medicine from a focus on promoting physiological compensatory adaptations to enhancing human performance under extreme environmental conditions is what the journal is helping to promote. -The expansion of manuscripts in high altitude medicine is also a special emphasis of the journal.