自尊和基本自由的重要性

Pub Date : 2023-05-18 DOI:10.1515/mopp-2022-0022
Vegard Stensen
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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文讨论了基本自由的自尊论点,即自尊是一种重要的善,最能得到基本自由的支持,这是传统自由原则的一个理由。我关注的是那些认为基本自由最能支持自尊的版本,其原因与这些自由所传达的认识有关。我首先讨论与约翰·罗尔斯和阿克塞尔·霍内斯有松散联系的两种标准方法。在这里,自尊与特征和行为(罗尔斯)或一个人的人格(霍尼思)有关。有人认为,这些方法未能说明为什么自尊比某些值得认真对待的选择更能得到自由原则的支持——除非(在人格自尊的情况下)自尊被以如此狭隘的方式解释,以至于它在任何合理的意义上都不是自治或福利的条件。然后,我确定了一种自我态度,我称之为“能力感”,这至少表明,与我们可能有理由相信的东西相比,自由原则对自主更为重要。
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Self-Respect and the Importance of Basic Liberties
Abstract This article discusses the self-respect argument for basic liberties, which is that self-respect is an important good, best supported by basic liberties, and that this yields a reason for the traditional liberty principle. I concentrate on versions of it that contend that self-respect is best supported by basic liberties for reasons related to the recognition that such liberties convey. I first discuss the two standard approaches loosely associated with John Rawls and Axel Honneth. Here self-respect pertains to traits and conduct (Rawls) or to one’s personhood (Honneth). It is argued that these approaches fail to show why self-respect is better supported by the liberty principle than certain alternatives worth taking seriously – unless (in the case of personhood self-respect) self-respect is construed in such a narrow way that it is not a condition for autonomy or welfare in any plausible sense. I then identify a self-attitude that I call “a sense of competence”, which at least shows that the liberty principle is more important to autonomy than what we might otherwise have reasons to believe.
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