Mathematical modelling of an enzyme-based biosensor

Biosensors are compact analytical devices, made up of a combination of a specific biological element, mainly an enzyme which recognizes a specific analyte (substrate) and the transducer which translates this biorecognition signal into an appropriate electrical signal.1,2 Amperometric biosensor is a type of biosensor which measure the current that arises on a working indicator electrode by direct electrochemical oxidation or reduction of the biochemical reaction product. These biosensors are widely used in clinical diagnostics, environment monitoring, food analysis, drug detection and industrial purposes because they are reliable, highly sensitive and comparatively cheap.3 The development of these biosensing systems depends greatly on a quantitative measurement of the enzyme activity before and after exposure to a target substrate.4 In recent days amperometric based electrochemical biosensors are highly used for fast and accurate detection.5,6 The operations of electrochemical sensors are very simple and never affect the host material.7,8 These biosensors, produces the output current based on the sensing materials on the working electrode act as a catalyst and catalyze the redox reaction. During measurement, the electrode potential is kept constant while the current is monitored. Optimization of biosensor is the time consuming process, for that mathematical modeling is used to reduce the optimization time, cost and optimize the analytical characteristics of actual biosensor.9–11