从大流行到地方性流行:为什么循证实践比以往任何时候都更重要?

Q2 Social Sciences
Azilawati Jamaludin, H. So
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引用次数: 1

摘要

新冠肺炎大流行无疑给当今人类生活带来了重大变化。与大流行前的日子相比,现在的生活规范、互动方式以及存在和发展的过程都有了巨大的不同。大约在2020年1月,当第一个关于冠状病毒病例的消息向世界公布时,我们预计它类似于严重急性呼吸系统综合症(SARS)。凭借近十年前从SARS中获得的丰富经验和教训,世界显然完全有能力将冠状病毒扼杀在萌芽状态并控制其传播。然而今天,世界上许多国家仍在应对冠状病毒之战。作为教育工作者和学习科学家,我们被问到的一个更普遍的问题是,这场大流行将如何影响学习?随着我们进入一种新的常态流行病,可以预期的教与学方面的变化是什么?在今天之前的近两年里,新加坡国家教育研究所一直在推进一项名为“学习科学”(SoL)的教育倡议。从根本上讲,科学教育就是将科学发现中的证据整合到教育中。具体来说,教育中的学习科学(SoLE)是一个新兴领域,旨在识别、调查和凝聚跨多学科的科学发现,并有效地测试和试验科学,以便将其转化为教育。通过科学验证的干预措施和教学创新,其目的不仅是研究人们的学习方式以及他们如何以不同的方式学习,而且还为为什么某些学习策略对某些人更有效而对另一些人更糟糕提供良好的科学解释。根据设想,教育的“重大挑战”可以通过科学验证的证据得到最佳解决。例如,最大限度地提高生活质量的最佳方法是什么?我们是否需要良好的认知和社会情感发展与最佳生活方式(如充足的睡眠、饮食和锻炼)相结合?什么样的社会互动会促进学习?它们对我们的主要学习器官——大脑有什么影响?我们对学习的最佳调节机制了解多少?它们如何影响不同的学习者?在不同的小组规模中,什么条件促进学习活动的有效性?正是为了解决教育中的“重大挑战”这一最终目标,我们重申了“学习:研究与实践”的核心宗旨。在推进经验支持的学习理论的过程中,我们支持针对当前教育实践问题的独特和进步的研究,重要的是,基于经验支持的学习过程和结果的调查。我们已经看到COVID-19大流行引发的大量信息,向医疗保健和政策制定者提供了有关这一致命疾病的信息。从注射消毒剂到据称消灭病毒,辩论疫苗的副作用及其有效性,到对据称与学习有关的接触者追踪应用程序的怀疑:研究与实践2021,第7卷,NO. 7。2,105 - 108 https://doi.org/10.1080/23735082.2021.1964779
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
From pandemic to endemic: why evidence-informed practices are more important than ever?
The Covid-19 pandemic has undoubtedly created major shifts in human existence today. Norms of living, ways of interaction and the process of just being and becoming differ dramatically now, compared to pre-pandemic days. Circa January 2020 when the first news of corona virus cases was broken to the world, we anticipated it to be akin to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome disease (SARS). With a bountiful of experience and lessons derived from SARS almost a decade ago, the world is perceivably more than capable, to nip corona in the bud and reign in its spread. Yet today, numerous nations around the world are still dealing with the Corona battle. As educators and Learning Scientists, one of the more prevalent questions asked of us, is, how will this pandemic affect Learning? As we move to a new normal endemic, what are the changes in teaching and learning that can be expected? In the recent two years preceding today, the National Institute of Education, Singapore, has been advancing an initiative called the “Science of Learning” (SoL) in education. SoL is fundamentally about integrating evidence from scientific findings into education. Specifically, the Science of Learning in Education (SoLE) is a nascent field seeking to identify, investigate and cohere scientific findings, across multi-disciplines, and to validly test and trial the science for translation into education. Through scientifically validated interventions and pedagogical innovations, the aim is not only to study the way people learn and how they learn differently but to also provide good scientific explanations for why some learning strategies work better for some, while worse for others. It is envisaged that education’s “grand challenges” can be optimally addressed through scientifically validated evidence. For example, what are the best ways to maximise the quality of life – do we need a combination of good cognitive and socio-emotional development coupled with optimal lifestyles such as sufficient sleep, diet and exercise? What kinds of social interactions catalyse learning and what do they do to our major learning organ, the brain? What do we know about the best regulatory mechanisms for learning and how they impact different learners? What conditions facilitate the effectiveness of learning activities, in different group sizes? It is with the end goals of addressing “grand challenges” in education that we reiterate the core purpose of Learning: Research and Practice. In advancing empirically supported learning theorisations, we support distinct and progressive research that responds to the problems of current educational practices, that is importantly, grounded in empirically supported investigations of learning processes and outcomes. We have seen a large avalanche of information surge arising from the COVID-19 pandemic, presented to healthcare and policymakers regarding the deadly disease. From injecting disinfectant to purportedly abolish the virus, debating side-effects of vaccines and its efficacies, to scepticism towards contact-tracing apps allegedly related to LEARNING: RESEARCH AND PRACTICE 2021, VOL. 7, NO. 2, 105–108 https://doi.org/10.1080/23735082.2021.1964779
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来源期刊
Learning: Research and Practice
Learning: Research and Practice Social Sciences-Education
CiteScore
3.10
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