Development of n-HA/CS-GM biomimetic nanocomposite for biomedical applications

Nowadays, effective treatment and management of malignant osteomyelitis remain an alarming clinical challenge causing the creation of antimicrobial biomaterials for orthopedic surgeons. The has revived attention in creating antimicrobial biomaterials for orthopedics. The collaboration of nanotechnology and engineered biomaterials will probably provide perception for developing novel and hybrid composites. Because of improved control of the interaction between nanoparticles and polymers, nanohydroxyapatite (n-HA) incorporated nanocomposite would provide versatility in designing specific properties. As a result, the study describes the ethanolic extraction of Guar gum from native Cassia fistula seeds, as well as the development of (n-HA), Chitosan (CS), and Guar gum (GM) nanocomposite via the Co-precipitation method. The nanocomposites were characterized based on their physicochemical and morphological properties, such as XRD, FT-IR, and SEM. The nanocomposites were tested for antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus(S.aureus) ATCC25923 and anticancer activity against MG 63 (osteosarcoma) cancer cell line MTT assay. The antibacterial result confirms that the n-HA/CS-GM hybrid nanocomposites exhibit excellent antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus and average inhibition zones of the different content samples against S. aureus were 15.75 mm for n-HA/CS and 19.75 mm for n-HA/CS-GM hybrid microspheres, respectively. The cytotoxicity result showed that the average OD of cells treated with 7.8 to 1000 µg/mL concentration of n-HA/CS composite varied from 0.479 to 0.297 parallel to 88.70% to 55% cell viability, and the OD of n-HA/CS-GM composite varied from 0.447 to 0.273 corresponding 82.77% to 50.55% cell viability for 7.8µg/mL concentration up to 1000µg/mL.