The Code of Ethics and Conduct for Forensic Specialists: A Framework from The Portuguese Association of Forensic Sciences

Forensic sciences aggregate a series of scientific and technological domains that aid the judiciary and judicial system. Despite the highly specialized and qualified professionals taking a role in forensic practice, this paradigmatic integration of law, science, and technology often leads them to face significant ethical challenges. Indeed, forensic sciences hold a unique position due to the social and legal implications inherent to forensic expertise. The potential interference with personal rights and freedoms requires the professional practice of the forensic specialist to be guided by alignment with scientific-technical competence under the seal of the highest ethical principles. However, the absence of a specific statutory regulation blurs the performance of the forensic professional and may harm the professional credibility but also the scientific domain as a whole. The existence of ethical pillars is essential to support professional practice, following international recommendations in this regard. Herein, we propose a framework for a code of ethics and conduct that is based on the professional particularities characterizing the forensic practice but also considers the ethical issues that are mandatory to ensure high levels of reliability and credibility of forensic specialists.