接触性运动中的神经肌肉疲劳:高性能环境的理论与现实

P. Austruy
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引用次数: 1

摘要

在高度竞争的环境中,最大表现是最重要的,精英运动员需要将训练时间分配到模仿他们在比赛中经历的运动特定特征的强度上[1]。由于训练和比赛的需要,运动员经历了一个“疲劳-恢复-适应”的循环。只有当适应性过程大于诱导疲劳时,训练刺激才能提高成绩,因此,监测疲劳对于确定适当的训练负荷以最大化后续成绩非常重要[2]。从历史上看,疲劳是根据与运动科学相关的不同分支学科来定义的,即生理学、心理学和生物力学的划分。在一个极端,生理学家可能认为疲劳是特定生理系统的失败或功能障碍[3],而在另一个极端,心理学家可能认为疲劳是一种不舒服的感知或感觉[4]。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Neuromuscular Fatigue in Contact Sports: Theories and Reality of a High Performance Environment
Evolving in a highly competitive environment where maximal performance is all that matter, elite athletes are required to allocate training time to an intensity that mimics the sport-specific characteristics they experience during competition [1]. Due to the demands of training and competition, athletes experience a constant cycle of “fatigue-recovery-adaptation”. Performance is enhanced by training stimulus only if adaptive processes are greater than the induced fatigue, and as such, the monitoring of fatigue is important to determine appropriate training loads to maximize subsequent performance [2]. Historically, fatigue has been defined in accordance with the varied sub disciplines associated with sports science, namely the divisions of physiology, psychology and biomechanics. At one extreme, Physiologists may consider fatigue as failure or dysfunction of a particular physiological system [3] while at the other extreme, psychologist may view fatigue as an uncomfortable perception or sensation [4].
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