京津冀地区火葬场烟气污染物排放特征及减排潜力

IF 2 4区环境科学与生态学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, ANALYTICAL

Environmental Chemistry Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI:10.7524/J.ISSN.0254-6108.2019110602

Zhang Shihao, Chen Xi, Zhai Xiaoman, L. Jie, Xing Xiaolin, Wang Baocheng, Wang Jun, X. Yifeng, Wang Wei

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引用次数: 0

摘要

京津冀地区人口多，死亡人数多，因此火化和焚化祭品的数量也高。由于火葬场污染控制不严格，火葬场排放的污染物严重影响了周边环境和人体健康。为进一步探讨BTH火葬场污染排放特征，本研究对该地区19个火葬场的19个火葬场和6个祭品焚烧炉进行了现场排放监测。获得了火葬场烟气中PM2.5和挥发性有机化合物(VOCs)的浓度和化学成分以及其他气态污染物的排放水平。计算了大气污染物的排放系数。基于活动水平数据，建立了火葬场大气污染物排放清单，并对其减排潜力进行了分析。结果表明:(1)北京市火葬场TSP、CO和NOx的平均排放浓度严重超过国家标准限值。烟气净化装置对污染物的去除效果显著。(2) PM2.5/TSP=0.73，细颗粒物在火葬场烟气中所占比例较大;有机物质(OC)浓度较高，占PM2.5的25.3%。(3) VOCs中苯及苯系物、烯烃、烷烃的浓度较高，占88.7%，可能对暴露人群构成健康风险。(4)排放清单显示，2016年北京火葬场TSP、PM10、PM2.5和CO排放量分别比2007年下降47.8%、47.8%、47.9%和26.1%。北京地区火葬场净化装置安装比例较低，烟气直接排放到大气中较为普遍，具有较大的减排潜力。

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Pollutants emission characteristics and emission reduction potential of crematoria flue gas in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, China

There is a large population and high number of death in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei (BTH) region, therefore the amount of cremation and the incineration of sacrificial offerings is also high. Due to the loose pollution control in crematoria, the surrounding environment and human health were affected by the pollutants emitted from crematoria. To further explore the characteristics of pollution emissions from the BTH crematoria, this study carried out on-site emission monitoring of 19 cremators and 6 incinerators of sacrificial offerings in 19 crematoria in this region. The concentrations and chemical components of PM2.5 and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and the emission levels of other gaseous pollutants from crematoria flue gas were obtained. The emission factors of air pollutants were calculated. Based on the activity level data, the emission inventory of atmospheric pollutants from the crematoria was established and its emission reduction potential was analyzed. Results showed that:(1) The average emission concentrations of TSP, CO and NOx from the crematoria in the BTH were seriously exceeding the national standard limits. Flue gas purification devices had significant effect on the removal of pollutants. (2) PM2.5/TSP=0.73 indicated that fine particles accounted for a large proportion in the flue gas of cremator; the concentration of organic matter (OC) was high and accounted for 25.3% in PM2.5. (3) The concentrations of benzene and benzene series, olefins, alkane were high in VOCs, accounting for 88.7%, which might pose health risks to exposed populations. (4) According to the emission inventory, the emissions of TSP, PM10, PM2.5 and CO in the BTH crematoria in 2016 decreased by 47.8%, 47.8%, 47.9% and 26.1% respectively compared with those for 2007. The proportion of installation purification devices for crematorium was low in the BTH region and it was common that flue gas discharged directly into atmosphere which had considerable potential of emission reduction.

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来源期刊

Environmental Chemistry 环境科学-分析化学

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

2.7 months

期刊介绍： Environmental Chemistry publishes manuscripts addressing the chemistry of the environment (air, water, earth, and biota), including the behaviour and impacts of contaminants and other anthropogenic disturbances. The scope encompasses atmospheric chemistry, geochemistry and biogeochemistry, climate change, marine and freshwater chemistry, polar chemistry, fire chemistry, soil and sediment chemistry, and chemical aspects of ecotoxicology. Papers that take an interdisciplinary approach, while advancing our understanding of the linkages between chemistry and physical or biological processes, are particularly encouraged. While focusing on the publication of important original research and timely reviews, the journal also publishes essays and opinion pieces on issues of importance to environmental scientists, such as policy and funding. Papers should be written in a style that is accessible to those outside the field, as the readership will include - in addition to chemists - biologists, toxicologists, soil scientists, and workers from government and industrial institutions. All manuscripts are rigorously peer-reviewed and professionally copy-edited. Environmental Chemistry is published with the endorsement of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) and the Australian Academy of Science.