Computer Simulation of Continuous Casting Processes: A Review

Steelmaking is the second step in producing steel from iron ore. In this stage, impurities such as sulfur, phosphorus, and excess carbon are removed from the raw iron, and alloying elements such as manganese, nickel, chromium, and vanadium are added to produce the exact steel required. Modern steelmaking processes are broken into two categories: primary and secondary steelmaking. Primary steelmaking uses mostly new iron as the feedstock, usually from a blast furnace. Secondary steelmaking uses scrap steel as the primary raw material. Gases created during the production of steel can be used as a power source. Steelmaking is presently a grounded innovation driven by plant, exploratory and computational examination. The continuous casting process comprises many complicated phenomena in terms of fluid flow, heat transfer, and structural deformation. The important numerical modeling method of the continuous casting process has been discussed in reference in this work. With the recent advancement in metallurgical methods, the continuous casting process now becomes the main method for steel production. To achieve efficient and effective production, the manufacturers of steel keep on searching for new methods which increase productivity. The present work describes molten steel flow, heat transfer, solidification, electromagnetic applications, formation of the shell by solidification and coupling, etc.