在盲点:挪威的影响行动和阈下态势感知

IF 1.3 2区社会学 Q2 INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

Journal of Strategic Studies Pub Date : 2022-02-20 DOI:10.1080/01402390.2022.2039634

Hallvard Notaker

{"title":"在盲点:挪威的影响行动和阈下态势感知","authors":"Hallvard Notaker","doi":"10.1080/01402390.2022.2039634","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Situational awareness in the face of hybrid campaigns is undermined by ‘blind spots’, which this article conceptualises. Blind spots are where legal or political frameworks preclude intelligence gathering below the threshold of war. Drawing on a historical case study of alterations in legislation and security police directives in Norway from 1950–2021, the analysis shows how an influence operation’s blind spot varied along with shifts in the balance between national security concerns and democratic individual rights. Recent initiatives to criminalise domestic collaboration with foreign influence operators are discussed, and the advent of AI and microtargeting presented as a challenge out of reach of such legislation.","PeriodicalId":47240,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Strategic Studies","volume":"707 1","pages":"595 - 623"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3000,"publicationDate":"2022-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"In the blind spot: Influence operations and sub-threshold situational awareness in Norway\",\"authors\":\"Hallvard Notaker\",\"doi\":\"10.1080/01402390.2022.2039634\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"ABSTRACT Situational awareness in the face of hybrid campaigns is undermined by ‘blind spots’, which this article conceptualises. Blind spots are where legal or political frameworks preclude intelligence gathering below the threshold of war. Drawing on a historical case study of alterations in legislation and security police directives in Norway from 1950–2021, the analysis shows how an influence operation’s blind spot varied along with shifts in the balance between national security concerns and democratic individual rights. Recent initiatives to criminalise domestic collaboration with foreign influence operators are discussed, and the advent of AI and microtargeting presented as a challenge out of reach of such legislation.\",\"PeriodicalId\":47240,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Strategic Studies\",\"volume\":\"707 1\",\"pages\":\"595 - 623\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-02-20\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Strategic Studies\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"90\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.1080/01402390.2022.2039634\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"社会学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Strategic Studies","FirstCategoryId":"90","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1080/01402390.2022.2039634","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

摘要

面对混合战役的态势感知被“盲点”所破坏，本文对其进行了概念化。盲点是指法律或政治框架禁止在战争门槛以下收集情报的地方。通过对1950年至2021年挪威立法和安全警察指令变化的历史案例研究，分析显示了影响行动的盲点如何随着国家安全关切与民主个人权利之间平衡的变化而变化。本文讨论了最近将国内与外国影响力运营商合作定为刑事犯罪的举措，并将人工智能和微目标的出现视为此类立法无法触及的挑战。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

查看原文本刊更多论文

In the blind spot: Influence operations and sub-threshold situational awareness in Norway

ABSTRACT Situational awareness in the face of hybrid campaigns is undermined by ‘blind spots’, which this article conceptualises. Blind spots are where legal or political frameworks preclude intelligence gathering below the threshold of war. Drawing on a historical case study of alterations in legislation and security police directives in Norway from 1950–2021, the analysis shows how an influence operation’s blind spot varied along with shifts in the balance between national security concerns and democratic individual rights. Recent initiatives to criminalise domestic collaboration with foreign influence operators are discussed, and the advent of AI and microtargeting presented as a challenge out of reach of such legislation.

求助全文

通过发布文献求助，成功后即可免费获取论文全文。去求助

来源期刊

Journal of Strategic Studies Multiple-

CiteScore

4.00

自引率

5.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： The defining feature of The Journal of Strategic Studies is its commitment to multi-disciplinary approach. The editors welcome articles that challenge our historical understanding of man"s efforts to achieve political ends through the application of military and diplomatic means; articles on contemporary security and theoretical controversies of enduring value; and of course articles that explicitly combine the historical and theoretical approaches to the study of modern warfare, defence policy and modern strategy. In addition to a well-established review section, The Journal of Strategic Studies offers its diverse readership a wide range of "special issues" and "special sections".