Women's experiences with solitary childbirth support in Ohio during COVID-19: Results from a qualitative study.

Context: Women, transgender men, and gender non-binary individuals who gave birth during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic experienced strict visitor restrictions that significantly disrupted their support networks. This study sought to examine women's perceptions and experiences of solitary support, particularly from male partners, during labor and delivery.

Methods: From April 2020 through August 2021, I conducted in-depth interviews with women who had given birth in the previous 12 months in the state of Ohio. I used a multi-modal recruitment strategy and conducted all interviews virtually. I analyzed transcripts to identify themes using inductive and deductive techniques.

Results: I interviewed 12 women who gave birth after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic and all opted to have their male partner as their solitary support person. Most women reported putting pressure on their male partners to "step up" in the absence of other sources of support, such as doulas. Couples engaged in intensive communication and planning prior to the delivery, which contributed to increased feelings of emotional closeness. Participants reported mixed feelings about birthing with a solitary support person including having a sense of increased privacy and an ability to focus while also feeling afraid and isolated.

Conclusions: Women who gave birth in the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic and prior to the widespread availability of vaccines were particularly vulnerable to adverse perinatal outcomes, including stillbirth and postpartum depression. Understanding the impact of solitary support from male partners can help inform future person-centered and equitable maternity care visitor policies.