欧洲的墓地作为纪念的地方和记忆景观

Norbert Fischer
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引用次数: 0

摘要

几个世纪以来,欧洲的墓地一直是人们纪念的地方。它的空间结构、纪念碑和葬礼建筑告诉我们对待死者的方式发生了变化。埋葬地点是哀悼情绪的一种物质表达,其在历史上的变化能够显示死亡、社会和记忆之间的多重相互关系。它们汇集了传记、心态、意识形态、性别关系、社会结构和等级,以及地区历史元素。这些墓地是典型的记忆景观,如资产阶级时代的欧洲墓地(包括政治方面)、军事墓地和北海海岸的特殊海上墓地。几个世纪以来,欧洲的墓地一直是人们纪念的地方。处理其空间结构,但其sepulchral monuments and建筑,they report on the changing of dealing With the deceased方法。The burial sites给expression to The感觉of mourning materialized, The change of which in The 52,000 of history is能够to show The manifold interrelationships between,死刑society and memory。它们储存了传记、心态、意识形态、性别关系、社会结构和等级制度以及区域历史规范。Cemeteries are classical memory landscapes as will be解释说using the例如of European Cemeteries in the布儒是—还根据政治—,military Cemeteries and special海洋界限Cemeteries of the North Sea海岸。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Cemeteries in Europe as places of remembrance and memory landscapes
Los cementerios europeos han sido lugares de recuerdo durante siglos. Con su estructura espacial, sus monumentos y sus edificios funerarios nos informan sobre los modos cambiantes de tratar con los difuntos. Los lugares de enterramiento muestran una expresión material del sentimiento de duelo, cuyo cambio a lo largo de la historia es capaz de mostrar las múltiples interrelaciones entre muerte, sociedad y memoria. Reúnen biografías, mentalidades, ideología, relaciones de genero, estructuras y jerarquías sociales, así como elementos históricos regionales. Los cementerios son paisajes clásicos de la memoria, como ilustra el ejemplo de los cementerios europeos de época burguesa –también en aspectos políticos–, los cementerios militares y los cementerios marítimos especiales de la costa del Mar del Norte. European cemeteries have been places of remembrance for centuries. With their spatial structure, their sepulchral monuments and buildings, they report on the changing ways of dealing with the deceased. The burial sites give a materialized expression to the feeling of mourning, the change of which in the course of history is able to show the manifold interrelationships between death, society and memory. They store biographies, mentalities, ideologies, gender relations, social structures and hierarchies as well as regional historical specifics. Cemeteries are classical memory landscapes, as will be explained using the example of European cemeteries in the bourgeois era –also under political aspects–, military cemeteries and special maritime cemeteries of the North Sea coast.
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