性创伤类型及其与女性幸存者述情障碍、分离和创伤后应激障碍症状的关系

IF 0.7 Q4 PSYCHIATRY
E. Zdankiewicz-Ścigała, M. Szczepaniak
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:本研究的目的是研究创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)与述情障碍和分离之间的联系强度,这些人经历了以下类型的创伤:与强奸或性暴力相关的创伤(ST),与火灾或事故受害者相关的其他类型的创伤(NST)。方法:共有117名女性参与,其中39名遭受过性虐待(ST), 39名经历过非性创伤(NST), 39名否认有过创伤情况(NT)。75名女性(64.1%)承认自己患有PTSD。采用三种标准化量表评估述情障碍(TAS-26)、分离(CES)和创伤后应激障碍(PDS)。结果:ST组的特点是述情障碍水平明显更高,但只是以识别和描述自己的情绪的形式。令人惊讶的发现是,ST组和NT组在总体解离水平上略有不同,这可以解释为NST组以自我专注的形式表现出更强烈的解离倾向,而ST组以人格解体和健忘症的形式表现出更强烈的解离倾向。在ST组中,证实了明显更严重的创伤后应激障碍症状,特别是在避免与创伤相关的刺激方面。这些发现表明,创伤类型(性/非性)可能是决定创伤相关障碍的程度、种类和强度的关键因素。结论:分离和述情障碍对PTSD症状的发展和维持具有重要意义。高水平的述情障碍与创伤后更严重的情感唤醒和情感调节问题有关。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Sexual trauma type and its relation to alexithymia, dissociation and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms among women survivors
Purpose: The aim of the study was to examine the strength of association between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) as well as alexithymia and dissociation relative to persons, who have experienced one of the following types of trauma: trauma associated with rape or sexual violence (ST), other kinds of trauma associated with being a victim of a fire or an accident (NST). Method: The total number of participants amounted to 117 women, among whom 39 fell victims to sexual abuse (ST), 39 experienced non-sexual trauma (NST), and 39 denied ever having come through a traumatic situation (NT). Seventy five women (64.1%) admitted that they suffered from PTSD. Three standardised instrument were used to assess alexithymia (TAS-26), dissociation (CES) and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PDS). Results: The ST group is characterised by significantly higher levels of alexithymia, but only in the form of identifying and describing one’s own emotions. The surprising finding was that ST and NT groups reported slightly different levels on the general scale of dissociation, which can be explained by the fact that NST group showed significantly more intensive dissociative tendencies in the form of self-absorption, while ST showed it in the form of depersonalisation and amnesia. In the ST group, significantly more serious PTSD-symptoms were confirmed, particularly regarding the avoidance of stimuli related with trauma. These findings suggest that trauma-type (sexual/non-sexual) might be a key factor determining the extent, kind and intensity of trauma-related disorders. Conclusions: Dissociation and alexithymia are very important to the development and maintenance of the symptoms of PTSD. The high levels of alexithymia were associated with more serious problems of affective arousal and regulation of affect after trauma.
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来源期刊
Postepy Psychiatrii i Neurologii
Postepy Psychiatrii i Neurologii Psychology-Clinical Psychology
CiteScore
0.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
13
期刊介绍: The quarterly Advances in Psychiatry and Neurology is aimed at psychiatrists, neurologists as well as scientists working in related areas of basic and clinical research, psychology, social sciences and humanities. The journal publishes original papers, review articles, case reports, and - at the initiative of the Editorial Board – reflections or experiences on currently vivid theoretical and practical questions or controversies. Articles submitted to the journal are evaluated first by the Section Editors, specialists in the fields of psychiatry, clinical psychology, science of the brain and mind and neurology, and reviewed by acknowledged authorities in the respective field. Authors and reviewers remain anonymous to each other.
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