遗传和环境因素在多大程度上与创伤后应激障碍的发展有关

IF 0.7 Q4 PSYCHIATRY
D. Krasowska, Agnieszka Rolińska, A. Mazurkiewicz
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引用次数: 0

摘要

目的:创伤后应激障碍是一种可能在暴露于创伤性事件或压力源的人群中发展的疾病。创伤后应激障碍的症状主要有四种:情感性、认知性、行为性和躯体性。虽然已经做了很多研究,但PTSD发展的确切原因仍然未知。易患PTSD的风险可能因环境和遗传因素而增加。回顾:根据Broekman等人的荟萃分析,某些基因可能促进PTSD。5-羟色胺转运蛋白基因(5-HTT)、GABA受体、多巴胺受体(DRD2)和多巴胺转运蛋白(DAT)的特异性多态性可能与PTSD的发生有关。另一方面,对环境因素也进行了研究。这些问题种类繁多,其中包括人为灾难、自然灾害、SOT移植和移民经历。创伤后应激障碍的易感性随着暴露时间、压力强度和个体敏感性的增加而增加。结论:我们的研究结果表明,创伤后应激障碍的发展中一定存在许多因素之间的关系。当强大的环境因素影响到具有易感基因的脆弱生物体时,这种疾病可能会显著发展。然而,尽管已经进行了大量的研究,但PTSD的确切病因仍不清楚,需要进一步研究。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
To what extent are genetic and environmental factors linked with the development of posttraumatic stress disorder
Purpose: PTSD is a disorder that may develop in people who have been exposed to traumatic events or stressors. Four main types of symptoms of PTSD can be distinguished: affective, cognitive, behavioural and somatic. Although much research has been done, the exact cause of the development of PTSD is still unknown. The risk of susceptibility to PTSD is probably increased by environmental and genetic factors. Review: According to the meta-analysis Broekman et al. there are certain genes which may promote PTSD. It seems that specific polymorphisms in the serotonin transporter gene (5-HTT), GABA receptor, dopamine receptor (DRD2) and dopamine transporter (DAT) might be involved in the development of PTSD. On the other hand, environmental factors have also been investigated. There is a diversified group of these, including among others manmade catastrophes, natural disasters, SOT transplantations and experiences of migration. Vulnerability to PTSD increases with the duration of exposure, the power of the stress and individual sensitivity. Conclusions: Our results indicate that there must be a relationship among a number of factors in the development of PTSD. It is possible when strong environmental factors affect a vulnerable organism with predisposing genes that the disorder is going to develop considerably. However, despite a lot of research which has already been done, the exact cause of PTSD is still unknown and requires further study.
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来源期刊
Postepy Psychiatrii i Neurologii
Postepy Psychiatrii i Neurologii Psychology-Clinical Psychology
CiteScore
0.90
自引率
0.00%
发文量
13
期刊介绍: The quarterly Advances in Psychiatry and Neurology is aimed at psychiatrists, neurologists as well as scientists working in related areas of basic and clinical research, psychology, social sciences and humanities. The journal publishes original papers, review articles, case reports, and - at the initiative of the Editorial Board – reflections or experiences on currently vivid theoretical and practical questions or controversies. Articles submitted to the journal are evaluated first by the Section Editors, specialists in the fields of psychiatry, clinical psychology, science of the brain and mind and neurology, and reviewed by acknowledged authorities in the respective field. Authors and reviewers remain anonymous to each other.
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