Communication modalities in coaching for individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): A qualitative examination

Little research has examined processes involved when coaching individuals with AttentionDeficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). A mixed methods study surveyed 117 self-identified ‘ADHD coaches’ to explore the frequency of use and perceived effectiveness of varied communication modalities (in person, phone, video conferencing or a combination) as well as, reported here, coaches' views of the benefits and drawbacks of each. Fifteen key themes were identified in the qualitative data, including Focusing and Distraction, Managing Time, Convenience and Flexibility, and Nonverbal Observations, among others. Future research exploring client perceptions about the use of varied modalities would assist in further understanding this important aspect of coaching.