什么决定了行业需求弹性?

Q3 Business, Management and Accounting

Journal of Agricultural and Food Industrial Organization Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI:10.1515/jafio-2017-0041

Emilio Pagoulatos, Robert L. Sorensen

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引用次数: 0

摘要

本文以美国食品和烟草制造业为样本，对需求的价格弹性进行了估计，并检验了一个解释行业间弹性差异的模型。实证结果与需求弹性部分由行业内企业竞争行为决定的假设一致。特别是，高广告支出导致较低的需求弹性。影响需求弹性的其他重要变量是工业集中度、生产阶段、是否存在防止国内和国外进入的保护措施以及在特定市场上推出新产品的程度。使垄断成为可能的是大规模经营的效率;使其值得的是需求曲线的斜率”[多尔夫曼(1978，第153页)]。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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What Determines the Elasticity of Industry Demand?

This paper develops estimates of price elasticity of demand for a sample of U.S. food and tobacco manufacturing industries and tests a model explaining differences in interindustry elasticity. The empirical results are consistent with the hypothesis that demand elasticity is in part determined by the competitive behavior of firms in an industry. In particular, high advertising expenditures result in lower elasticities of demand. Other important variables influencing demand elasticity are industry concentration, the stage of production, the existence of protection from domestic and foreign entry, and the extent of new-product introduction in a particular market. ‘What makes monopoly possible is the efficiency of large-scale operation; what makes it worthwhile is the slope of the demand curve’ [Dorfman (1978, p. 153)].

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来源期刊

Journal of Agricultural and Food Industrial Organization Business, Management and Accounting-Business, Management and Accounting (all)

CiteScore

3.10

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： The Journal of Agricultural & Food Industrial Organization (JAFIO) is a unique forum for empirical and theoretical research in industrial organization with a special focus on agricultural and food industries worldwide. As concentration, industrialization, and globalization continue to reshape horizontal and vertical relationships within the food supply chain, agricultural economists are revising both their views of traditional markets as well as their tools of analysis. At the core of this revision are strategic interactions between principals and agents, strategic interdependence between rival firms, and strategic trade policy between competing nations, all in a setting plagued by incomplete and/or imperfect information structures. Add to that biotechnology, electronic commerce, as well as the shift in focus from raw agricultural commodities to branded products, and the conclusion is that a "new" agricultural economics is needed for an increasingly complex "new" agriculture.