下丘脑食欲刺激神经肽agrp1的表达揭示了水动力诱导的小鱼饥饿

IF 2.2 4区 生物学 Q2 BIOLOGY
L. Koch, I. Shainer, T. Gurevich, R. Holzman
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引用次数: 9

摘要

在过渡到自主摄食后的几天里,幼鱼的死亡率很高,超过90%的幼鱼在几周内就被消灭了。最近的研究表明,即使在高猎物密度下,刚孵化的幼虫所经历的水动力环境也会阻碍它们的摄食率。在这里,我们通过早期个体发育(孵化后8-18天;DPH),并测试了新兴的个体发生模式是否与基于这些幼虫所经历的水动力环境的预期模式一致。我们筛选了三个候选基因agrp1, npy和hsp70,它们的表达在之前被证明对鱼类饥饿有反应。在这三个基因中,agrp1被确定为饥饿的合适指示基因。全载原位杂交定位agp1 mRNA证实,在aurata幼虫中,agp1仅在下丘脑表达。实时荧光定量PCR检测结果显示,饥饿的幼虫与喂食的幼虫相比,该基因的表达水平有所提高,幼龄幼虫(8 DPH)的表达水平高于高龄幼虫(18 DPH)。在临界期开始时,通过控制水粘度来模拟水动力条件导致agrp1表达增加。这些发现表明,水动力对幼虫摄食的限制导致了小幼虫的饥饿。此外,他们为“安全港”假说提供了一种机制解释,该假说认为幼虫应该将资源分配给快速线性生长,以逃避居住在粘性流体力占主导地位的环境中的有害影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
The Expression of agrp1, A Hypothalamic Appetite-Stimulating Neuropeptide, Reveals Hydrodynamic-Induced Starvation in a Larval Fish
Larval fish suffer dramatic mortality in the days following transition to autonomous feeding, with over 90% of larvae being eliminated within a period of few weeks. Recent work has shown that the hydrodynamic environment experienced by recently-hatched larvae impedes their feeding rates even under high prey densities. Here, we quantified starvation through early ontogeny in Sparus aurata larvae (8–18 days post-hatching; DPH) and tested whether the emerging ontogenetic pattern is consistent with that expected one based on the hydrodynamic environment that these larvae experience. We screened three candidate genes agrp1, npy, and hsp70, whose expression was previously shown to respond to starvation in fish. Of the three genes, agrp1 was identified as a suitable indicator for starvation. Localization of agrp1 mRNA by whole-mount in-situ hybridization confirmed that, in S. aurata larvae, agrp1 is expressed only in the hypothalamus. Quantification of agrp1 mRNA using real-time PCR revealed that the expression of this gene is elevated in starved compared to fed larvae, and in younger (8 DPH) compared to older larvae (18 DPH). Manipulating the water viscosity to simulate the hydrodynamic conditions during the onset of the critical period led to increased agrp1 expression. These findings suggest that the hydrodynamic constraints on larval feeding lead to the starvation of small larvae. Further, they provide a mechanistic explanation for the “safe harbor” hypothesis, which postulates that larvae should allocate resources toward rapid linear growth to escape detrimental effects of dwelling in an environment where viscous fluid forces dominate.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
6.70%
发文量
48
审稿时长
20 weeks
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