再来一次美国亲属术语

R. Burling
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引用次数: 17

摘要

对美国亲属术语所作的几次正式分析,1)未能说明儿童和成人的不同用法,2)未能充分利用所有说话者的天然口语能力,为某些术语提供口头定义,3)深奥的符号符号负担过重。通过将术语的使用视为一个由一系列原则(似乎与儿童学习使用术语的方式相对应)建立起来的系统,并利用口头定义,可以提供一种分析,这种分析也表明,我们术语的某些方面更为中心和统一,而其他方面则更加可变和次要。这样的分析与其他更详细、象征意义更复杂的分析相比,显得有些平庸,但它的平庸之处表明,它可能更接近美式英语使用者的认知结构。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
American Kinship Terms Once More
The several formal analyses that have been made of American kinship terminology have 1) failed to account for the variable usage of either children or adults, 2) failed to capitalize upon the natural colloquial ability of all speakers to provide verbal definitions of some terms, and 3) been rather overburdened with abstruse symbolic notation. By approaching terminological usage as a system built by means of a sequence of principles (a sequence that seems to correspond to the manner in which children learn to use their terms) and by capitalizing upon verbal definitions, it is possible to offer an analysis which also suggests that some aspects of our terminology are more central and uniform, while other aspects are more variable and peripheral. Such an analysis appears somewhat banal when compared to other more elaborate and symbolically sophisticated analyses, but its very banality suggests that it may be closer to the cognitive structure of speakers of American English.
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