{"title":"压力相关脆弱性量表的开发和验证","authors":"L. Tarsitani, F. Battisti, M. Biondi, A. Picardi","doi":"10.1017/S1121189X00000889","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"In the last decades, an impressive body of literature has documented the noxious effects of emotional stress on mental and physical health (Lovallo, 2004). Also, evidence is accumulating that social relationships can have a positive impact on health (Cohen et al., 2000). Further, stress and support might interact, and an influential theoretical perspective hypothesizes that the belief that support is available reduces the noxious effects of stress on health. This is commonly referred to as the ‘stress buffering hypothesis’ and is supported by many studies (Lakey & Cohen, 2000). In stress research, there is an influential tradition which focuses on individuals' subjective evaluations of their abilities to cope with the demands posed by specific events or experiences, with an emphasis on perceived stressfulness of such events (Cohen et al., 1995). The literature on social support also suggests that the subjective perception of support has particular importance, as perceived support rather than objective support is associated with lower levels of autonomic activity, better immunosurveillance, and lower basal levels of stress hormones (Uchino et al., 1996). Several validated measures of perceived stress and perceived social support are available. However, there is a scarcity of instruments assessing both perceived stress and support that are short enough to be used in busy clinical routines. 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引用次数: 10
摘要
在过去的几十年里,大量令人印象深刻的文献记录了情绪压力对身心健康的有害影响(Lovallo, 2004)。此外,越来越多的证据表明,社会关系可以对健康产生积极影响(Cohen等人,2000年)。此外,压力和支持可能相互作用,一个有影响力的理论观点假设,相信支持是可用的,可以减少压力对健康的有害影响。这通常被称为“压力缓冲假说”,并得到许多研究的支持(Lakey & Cohen, 2000)。在压力研究中,有一个很有影响力的传统,它关注个人对自己应对特定事件或经历所带来的需求的能力的主观评估,强调对这些事件的感知压力(Cohen et al., 1995)。有关社会支持的文献也表明,对支持的主观感知特别重要,因为感知到的支持比客观支持与较低水平的自主神经活动、更好的免疫监视和较低的基础应激激素水平相关(Uchino et al., 1996)。一些有效的测量感知压力和感知社会支持是可用的。然而,在繁忙的临床程序中,评估感知到的压力和支持的工具很短,不足以使用。本文主要研究了压力相关脆弱性量表(stress -related Vulnerability Scale,简称SVS)的编制与验证,该量表主要考察心理压力感知与社会支持的关系。
Development and validation of a Stress-related Vulnerability Scale
In the last decades, an impressive body of literature has documented the noxious effects of emotional stress on mental and physical health (Lovallo, 2004). Also, evidence is accumulating that social relationships can have a positive impact on health (Cohen et al., 2000). Further, stress and support might interact, and an influential theoretical perspective hypothesizes that the belief that support is available reduces the noxious effects of stress on health. This is commonly referred to as the ‘stress buffering hypothesis’ and is supported by many studies (Lakey & Cohen, 2000). In stress research, there is an influential tradition which focuses on individuals' subjective evaluations of their abilities to cope with the demands posed by specific events or experiences, with an emphasis on perceived stressfulness of such events (Cohen et al., 1995). The literature on social support also suggests that the subjective perception of support has particular importance, as perceived support rather than objective support is associated with lower levels of autonomic activity, better immunosurveillance, and lower basal levels of stress hormones (Uchino et al., 1996). Several validated measures of perceived stress and perceived social support are available. However, there is a scarcity of instruments assessing both perceived stress and support that are short enough to be used in busy clinical routines. In this paper, we report about the development and validation of a short self-completed questionnaire, named Stress-related Vulnerability Scale (SVS), which enquires about both perceived stress and social support.