A testable hypothesis about schizophrenia generated by evolutionary theory

A specific hypothesis about schizophrenia, which is generated by an application to behavior of the Darwinian theory of evolution by natural selection, is presented. For reasons that are developed herein, the hypothesis was derived from the known behavioral-physiology differences between nocturnal and diurnal mammals. The hypothesis is being published prior to its testing to facilitate the acceptance or rejection of the specific evolutionary-derived theory from which it was drawn and also to focus attention on the more basic, yet often clinically ignored, question, “What is schizophrenia?”