Flexible framework for the operation of distribution networks: synchronizing and connecting grid areas using multi back‐to‐back converters

SUMMARY Due to the unbundling of the electricity sector and simultaneously the growing interest in distributed generation, the uncertainty in operation and planning has increased for distribution network operators. To avoid uneconomic investments, flexible solutions are needed. For this, the concept of intelligent nodes is proposed, which is an application of multiple converters with back-to-back connections. This contribution addresses the control aspects for one of its specific operation conditions: the transition from supplying a radial feeder with loads and/or generation into controlling the power flow in a meshed network without loss of supply. The theoretical framework is described, followed by the measurement results of a laboratory-scale demonstration. Copyright # 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.