大规模移民时代美国移民的二次移民与地理同化

IF 2.6 1区 历史学 Q1 ECONOMICS
Ariell Zimran
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引用次数: 1

摘要

我研究了欧洲移民在美国境内的二次移民的比率、选择和分类,以及他们在大规模移民时代的地理同化。这些现象被认为是移民经济学的重要组成部分,但数据限制了在此背景下对它们的先前研究。作为关于移民分布的辩论的一部分,它们也是更广泛的20世纪移民政策辩论中的主要问题,这一辩论受到一种普遍观点的影响,即20世纪初的移民在地理上的流动性较低,与本地人和更早的移民相比,他们更依恋城市地区。我发现,在整个大规模移民时代,移民至少和本地人一样有可能进行跨县迁移,他们更依恋城市地区,更有可能搬到城市目的地,并且随着时间的推移,他们与本地人一样越来越依恋城市地区。尽管移民具有流动性,但随着时间的推移,他们在美国的居住地分布与本地人相比,同化程度相对较低,尽管他们在城市化方面确实经历了与本地人更多的趋同。这些结果有助于更好地理解移民同化和移民在大规模移民时代的影响,并暗示当代关于移民不流动的观点要么是错误的,要么是过于简单化的,要么是美国经济变化的产物。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

US immigrants’ secondary migration and geographic assimilation during the Age of Mass Migration

US immigrants’ secondary migration and geographic assimilation during the Age of Mass Migration

I study the rates of, selection into, and sorting of European immigrants’ secondary migration within the United States and their geographic assimilation during the Age of Mass Migration. These phenomena are recognized as important components of the economics of immigration, but data constraints have limited prior study of them in this context. As part of the debate over immigrant distribution, they were also major issues in the broader twentieth-century immigration policy debate, which was influenced by the widely held view that immigrants in the early twentieth century were less geographically mobile and specifically more attached to urban areas than were natives and earlier immigrants. I find that immigrants throughout the Age of Mass Migration were at least as likely as natives to make inter-county moves, were more attached to urban areas, were more likely to move to urban destinations, and shared natives’ increasing attachment to urban areas over time. In spite of their mobility, immigrants experienced relatively little assimilation in their place-of-residence distributions relative to natives with time in the United States, though they did experience somewhat more convergence on natives in terms of urbanization. These results help to better understand immigrant assimilation and the effects of immigration during the Age of Mass Migration and imply that the contemporary views of immigrant immobility were either false, oversimplified, or the product of changes in the US economy.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
8.70%
发文量
27
期刊介绍: Explorations in Economic History provides broad coverage of the application of economic analysis to historical episodes. The journal has a tradition of innovative applications of theory and quantitative techniques, and it explores all aspects of economic change, all historical periods, all geographical locations, and all political and social systems. The journal includes papers by economists, economic historians, demographers, geographers, and sociologists. Explorations in Economic History is the only journal where you will find "Essays in Exploration." This unique department alerts economic historians to the potential in a new area of research, surveying the recent literature and then identifying the most promising issues to pursue.
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