Incidence of client-initiated workplace violence among counselors: A national study

Workplace violence (WPV) is a global concern and consists of psychological and physical threats or acts. To date, limited data exist to document client-initiated WPV experienced by professional counselors. Survey results from 2616 counselors in 12 states indicate that most counselors have no memory of WPV training from their counselor education programs. Over 75% of the sample experienced WPV. Counselors experience psychological forms of WPV at greater rates than physical forms. Over half of WPV experiences occurred during participants’ graduate training and in the first 4 years of their professional practice. WPV occurs in all locations where counselors work. WPV's consequences differ, ranging from none to career ending disruptions. Counselors’ responses varied, including no action or responses, seeking support from supervisors, professional peers, and family members, and engaging in medical and/or mental health services. Suggestions for practice, training, and future research are offered.