引力波探测器中的量子测量理论

IF 26.3 2区 物理与天体物理 Q1 PHYSICS, PARTICLES & FIELDS
Stefan L. Danilishin, Farid Ya. Khalili
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引用次数: 127

摘要

近年来,我们都目睹了引力波探测器在提高灵敏度方面取得的快速进展,这推动了科学界的发展,使得像千米长的干涉仪这样巨大的测量设备的量子行为开始变得重要起来。它们的灵敏度主要受光的量子噪声限制的时代即将到来,寻找降低它的方法将成为一种必要。因此,我们在这篇综述中追求的主要目标是使广大读者熟悉量子测量理论在引力波探测领域的应用形式。我们重点讨论了量子噪声是如何在引力波干涉仪中产生的,以及它对可实现的灵敏度有什么限制。我们从最基本的概念出发,逐步推进到一般线性量子测量理论及其在当代和计划的第一代和第二代引力辐射干涉探测器中量子噪声计算中的应用。特别注意标准量子极限的概念和超越它的方法。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Quantum Measurement Theory in Gravitational-Wave Detectors

Quantum Measurement Theory in Gravitational-Wave Detectors

The fast progress in improving the sensitivity of the gravitational-wave detectors, we all have witnessed in the recent years, has propelled the scientific community to the point at which quantum behavior of such immense measurement devices as kilometer-long interferometers starts to matter. The time when their sensitivity will be mainly limited by the quantum noise of light is around the corner, and finding ways to reduce it will become a necessity. Therefore, the primary goal we pursued in this review was to familiarize a broad spectrum of readers with the theory of quantum measurements in the very form it finds application in the area of gravitational-wave detection. We focus on how quantum noise arises in gravitational-wave interferometers and what limitations it imposes on the achievable sensitivity. We start from the very basic concepts and gradually advance to the general linear quantum measurement theory and its application to the calculation of quantum noise in the contemporary and planned interferometric detectors of gravitational radiation of the first and second generation. Special attention is paid to the concept of the Standard Quantum Limit and the methods of its surmounting.

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来源期刊
Living Reviews in Relativity
Living Reviews in Relativity 物理-物理:粒子与场物理
CiteScore
69.90
自引率
0.70%
发文量
0
审稿时长
20 weeks
期刊介绍: Living Reviews in Relativity is a peer-reviewed, platinum open-access journal that publishes reviews of research across all areas of relativity. Directed towards the scientific community at or above the graduate-student level, articles are solicited from leading authorities and provide critical assessments of current research. They offer annotated insights into key literature and describe available resources, maintaining an up-to-date suite of high-quality reviews, thus embodying the "living" aspect of the journal's title. Serving as a valuable tool for the scientific community, Living Reviews in Relativity is often the first stop for researchers seeking information on current work in relativity. Written by experts, the reviews cite, explain, and assess the most relevant resources in a given field, evaluating existing work and suggesting areas for further research. Attracting readers from the entire relativity community, the journal is useful for graduate students conducting literature surveys, researchers seeking the latest results in unfamiliar fields, and lecturers in need of information and visual materials for presentations at all levels.
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