作物-牲畜一体化系统通过改善土壤健康和植物生理提高大豆种植的可持续性

IF 6 1区 农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
João Antônio Gonçalves e Silva , Eduardo Habermann , Kátia Aparecida de Pinho Costa , Luciana Maria da Silva , Eduardo da Costa Severiano , Adriano Carvalho Costa , Fabiano Guimarães Silva , Thales Caetano de Oliveira , Bruno Matheus Mendes Dário , Lourival Vilela , João Victor Campos Pinho Costa , Carlos Alberto Martinez
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引用次数: 3

摘要

本研究旨在评估作物-牲畜一体化制度下的不同种植系统如何影响大豆的生长和生理,并了解一体化系统如何改变土壤特性和土壤CO2通量。我们对传统大豆单作(前一作物土壤表面没有任何植物残留物的传统种植方法)和在含有玉米残留物的土壤中种植的大豆的植物生理、生长和土壤特征进行了比较分析。此外,我们还进行了实验,以评估玉米在饲草内或间作对作物-牲畜系统整合效果的影响。我们的主要结果表明,当大豆在所有综合作物-牲畜系统中种植时,大豆的净光合作用速率和叶片叶绿素含量大大增加,从而增加了地上生物量产量。此外,一体化系统降低了土壤温度,增加了土壤有机碳含量、总有机碳含量和酶活性,但土壤呼吸没有随之增加。然而,在播种方法之间观察到的差异较小(玉米与行内和行间的牧草结成联盟)。我们得出的结论是,所有测试的综合作物-牲畜系统都通过光合作用增加了生态系统中吸收的碳量,改善了碳汇潜力、土壤健康,并保持了可持续的生产系统,从而大大改善了大豆的生理学。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Integration crop-livestock system increases the sustainability of soybean cultivation through improved soil health and plant physiology

This study aimed to evaluate how different cultivation systems in integration crop-livestock regimes affect soybean growth and physiology and understand how integrated systems change soil characteristics and soil CO2 flux. We conducted a comparative analysis of the plant physiology, growth, and soil characteristics of a conventional soybean monoculture (traditional cultivation method without any plant residues on the soil surface from the previous crop) and soybean cultivated in soil containing maize residues. Moreover, we conducted experiments to assess the effect of plant residues derived from maize intercropped within or between forage grasses on the effectiveness of integrating crop-livestock systems. Our main results indicated that when soybean was cultivated in all integration crop-livestock systems tested, soybean net photosynthesis rate and leaf chlorophyll content greatly increased, resulting in increased aboveground biomass production. Moreover, the integrated system decreased soil temperature and increased soil organic carbon content, total organic carbon content, and enzymatic activity, with no concomitant increase in soil respiration. However, fewer differences were observed between the sowing methods (maize in consortium with forages within and between rows). We conclude that all tested integrated crop-livestock systems greatly improved soybean physiology by increasing the amount of carbon assimilated into the ecosystem through photosynthesis, improving carbon sink potential, soil health, and maintaining a sustainable production system.

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来源期刊
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment
Agriculture, Ecosystems & Environment 环境科学-环境科学
CiteScore
11.70
自引率
9.10%
发文量
392
审稿时长
26 days
期刊介绍: Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment publishes scientific articles dealing with the interface between agroecosystems and the natural environment, specifically how agriculture influences the environment and how changes in that environment impact agroecosystems. Preference is given to papers from experimental and observational research at the field, system or landscape level, from studies that enhance our understanding of processes using data-based biophysical modelling, and papers that bridge scientific disciplines and integrate knowledge. All papers should be placed in an international or wide comparative context.
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