荷斯坦犊牛出生第一个月的临床生理参数

F.C.R. Santos , B.P. Santarosa , F.E. Dal Más , K.N. Silva , E.C.B.P. Guirro , V. Gomes
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在出生后阶段,新生儿需要在心血管、呼吸、代谢、体温调节和免疫功能方面进行适应,因此需要为新生小牛的研究建立基线参数。很少有纵向研究为新生小牛提供一套生理参考值。本研究的目的是评估年轻荷斯坦小母牛的生理、血液学和生化参数,以获得有关其新生儿适应的有用信息。在以下时间点,通过颈静脉穿刺对28只健康的荷斯坦小母牛的血样采集进行了评估:出生后立即、摄入初乳前(出生第一天为D1)以及出生后D2、D7、D14和D28天。在早上喂牛奶前两小时,对小牛进行身体检查,以确定心率(HR)、呼吸频率(RR)和直肠温度(RT)的参考值后,对其进行取样。检测到一些生理、血液学和生化参数的变化,这些变化继发于新生儿适应。HR和RR随时间的减少分别代表心血管和呼吸系统的成熟,RT的增加代表体温调节机制的发展。初乳的摄入量反映在几个参数中,包括免疫球蛋白的吸收和血清蛋白谱的改变。此外,葡萄糖和胆固醇浓度的变化反映了小牛新陈代谢的激活。白细胞参数的变化,如淋巴细胞计数的增加和中性粒细胞计数的减少,分别与免疫系统的成熟和分娩时皮质醇水平的影响有关。红细胞计数参数的变化可归因于胎儿循环中红细胞的替换。在小牛出生的第一个月,观察到其生理参数的变化;有必要将它们与已建立的年龄特异性参考范围进行比较,以获得更好的临床解释。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Clinical physiological parameters of Holstein calves in the first month of life

In the postnatal period, neonatal adaptation in terms of cardiovascular, respiratory, metabolic, thermoregulatory, and immunological functions is required, thus demanding the establishment of baseline parameters for research on neonatal calves. Few longitudinal studies have presented a set of physiological reference values for neonatal calves. The objective of this study was to evaluate physical, haematological, and biochemical parameters in young Holstein heifers in order to obtain useful information on their neonatal adaptation. Twenty-eight healthy young Holstein heifers were assessed for the collection of blood samples by jugular venipuncture at the following time points: immediately after birth, and before colostrum intake (first day of life is D1), and D2, D7, D14 and D28 days of life. Two hours prior to morning milk feed, calves were sampled, after being physically examined to establish reference values for heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), and rectal temperature (RT). Several changes in physical, haematological, and biochemical parameters, secondary to neonatal adaptation, were detected. The reduction in HR and RR over time represented the maturation of the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, respectively, and the increase in RT represented the development of thermoregulatory mechanisms. Colostrum intake was reflected in several parameters, including immunoglobulin absorption and alteration of the serum protein profile. In addition, changes in glucose and cholesterol concentrations reflected the activation of the calf’s metabolism. Changes in white blood cell parameters, such as an increase in lymphocyte count and decrease in neutrophil count, were associated with maturation of the immune system and the influence of cortisol levels at parturition, respectively. Changes in the red blood cell count parameters could be attributed to the replacement of erythrocytes from the foetal circulation. Variations in the physiological parameters of calves were observed during the first month of life; it is necessary to compare them with established age-specific reference ranges for a better clinical interpretation.

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