社会互动,破坏行为的前兆,物体操纵,稻草扎根和活动:蛋白质限制下未停靠猪的详细数据集

L. Roch , E.O. Ewaoluwagbemiga , C. Kasper
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引用次数: 1

摘要

咬尾等破坏行为是生猪生产中常见的问题,损害了动物福利并造成经济损失。详细的研究因费力的直接观察而受阻。咬尾是一种更广泛的现象,早在病变出现之前就开始了,各种压力源引起的行为问题在升级为破坏性行为之前几周就出现了。因此,我们收集了被认为是咬尾前兆的行为的详细数据,例如同种动物的口腔和鼻腔操作。减少膳食蛋白质是减少猪粪中氮排放的一种很有前途的方法,但其对动物福利的影响尚不清楚。饮食中的CP含量降低到建议的80%。猪利用膳食蛋白质的能力不同;因此,它们在处理蛋白质减少的方式上可能存在个体差异。在这里,我们展示了在一个没有对接尾巴的实验农场对95头猪进行的焦点观测的详细数据。同一个人在四个不同的日子里直接观察猪五分钟。记录所有指向笔中物体的动作、与笔友的互动和对抗、吸管生根行为和一般活动。在行为观察之后,观察猪的同一个人注意到了不同身体部位的伤口和清洁度。获得了94头猪的蛋白质效率。数据集包括六个表。第一个表格包含了动物的信息,包括它们父母的身份、产仔组、性别和蛋白质效率。其他数据表包含每只清管器对10个物体操纵行为的4次5分钟观察;150种互动行为,包括反应;14对抗行为及其结果和反应;10种不断增加的行为,包括反应;两种生根行为;七种基本行为;以及一般活动指数。观察是在相对较好的住房条件下进行的。每天给猪喂新鲜稻草,随意获取饲料,占地面积超过法律要求,每天清洁围栏,并密切监测它们是否有破坏行为的迹象;所有这些都是有利的条件,因为它们限制了压力和破坏行为的风险。这些数据可用于进一步探索特定行为和现象的关系及其与蛋白质效率的关系。行为图可以作为进一步观察的模板。从业者可以利用这些数据来支持猪的职业需求,例如提供足够的稻草。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Social interactions, precursors of damaging behaviours, object manipulation, straw rooting, and activity: a detailed data set in undocked pigs under protein restriction

Damaging behaviours, such as tail biting, are common problems in pig production, compromising animal welfare and causing economic losses. Detailed studies are impeded by laborious direct observations. Tail biting is a broader phenomenon that begins long before lesions manifest, and behavioural problems caused by various stressors present themselves weeks before they escalate to damaging behaviour. Therefore, we collected detailed data on behaviours considered precursors to tail biting, such as oral and nasal manipulation of conspecifics. Dietary protein reduction is a promising way to reduce nitrogen emissions in pig manure, but its implications for animal welfare are not yet clear. The CP content in the diet was reduced to 80% of the recommendations. Pigs differ in their ability to utilise dietary proteins; therefore, there might be individual differences in how they cope with the protein reduction. Here, we present detailed data of focal observations of 95 pigs at an experimental farm with undocked tails. Pigs were observed directly by the same person for five minutes on four different days. All actions directed towards objects in the pen, interactions with and confrontations among pen mates, straw rooting behaviour and general activity were recorded. After the behavioural observations, wounds on different body parts and the cleanliness were noted by the same person observing the pigs. The protein efficiency of 94 pigs was obtained. The data set comprises six tables. The first table contains information on the animals, including the identities of their parents, farrowing group, sex, and protein efficiency. The other data tables contain four 5-min observations of each pig on 10 object-manipulation behaviours; 150 interaction behaviours, including reactions; 14 confrontation behaviours and their outcomes and reactions; 10 mounting behaviours, including reactions; two rooting behaviours; seven basic behaviours; and an index of general activity. The observations took place under comparatively good housing conditions. Pigs were given fresh straw daily, ad libitum access to feed, floor space above the legal requirements, and daily cleaning of pens, and they were closely monitored for signs of damaging behaviour; all of these are favourable conditions as they limit stress and the risk of damaging behaviour. These data can be used to further explore the relationships of specific behaviours and phenomena and their association with protein efficiency. The ethogram can be used as a template for further observations. Practitioners could use the data to support pigs’ need for occupation, such as by providing sufficient straw.

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