[舌的明显情况:正常变异与病理结果]。

Q4 Medicine
Praxis Pub Date : 2023-08-01
Martina Broglie Däppen, Günter Toman Müller, Thomas Gander
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引用次数: 0

摘要

引言:舌头具有敏感性、味蕾和各种肌肉的复杂解剖结构,是说话、品尝和进食的中心器官,尤其是口腔食物运输、咀嚼和吞咽。舌头状况的变化是频繁的,通常会导致患者的不确定性,最终会去看家庭医生、耳鼻喉专家、牙医或颌面外科医生。舌头的状况是需要治疗的病变,还是只是一种变体,这往往是一个重大挑战。鉴别诊断范围很广,从无害的变化到令人担忧的疾病迹象。发生的时间和持续时间,伴随的症状,如灼烧感或味觉障碍,以及风险因素,如尼古丁和饮酒,都是重要的记忆因素。可能的原因可能是营养不良、系统性疾病、炎症过程或恶性肿瘤。因此,血液测试和涂片或活检可能是必要的第一诊断步骤。这篇综述的目的是解释舌头问题的不同类型和原因,并解释在哪些情况下需要进一步澄清。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
[Conspicuous Conditions of the Tongue: Normal Variants vs. Pathological Findings].

Introduction: With its sensitivity, taste buds and complex anatomical structure of various muscles, the tongue is a central organ for speaking, tasting and food intake, especially oral food transport, chewing and swallowing. Changes in the tongue 's condition are frequent and often lead to uncertainty among patients and eventually to a visit to the family doctor, to the ear, nose and throat specialist, dentist or maxillofacial surgeon. The question whether the condition of the tongue is a lesion requiring treatment or just a variant can quite often prove a major challenge. The differential diagnoses are wide-ranging from harmless changes to alarming signs of disease. The time and duration of occurrence, the accompanying symptoms such as a burning sensation or taste disorders as well as risk factors such as nicotine and alcohol consumption are important anamnestic elements. Possible causes can be malnutrition, systemic diseases, inflammatory processes or malignancies. Accordingly, a blood test and a smear or a biopsy may be necessary as the first diagnostic step. The aim of this review is to explain the different types and causes of tongue problems and to explain in which cases further clarifications are necessary.

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来源期刊
Praxis
Praxis Medicine-Medicine (all)
CiteScore
0.40
自引率
0.00%
发文量
146
审稿时长
12 weeks
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