Effect of surfactant type on the dyeability and color resistance of semi-permanent basic hair dye

Basic Brown 16 pigment and three types of surfactants were used to prepare the cationic, nonionic, and anionic basic hair dyes. White hair and bleached hair were dyed using the three basic hair dyes and were shampooed 10 times using acidic, neutral, and alkaline shampoos prepared in the study. White hair and bleached hair dyed with the anionic basic hair dye resulted in a lower L*, a*, b^* values and lower K/S values compared to the hair dyed with the cationic and nonionic basic hair dyes and the results were statistically significant at α = 0.05. Hair dyed with the anionic basic hair dye showed significantly higher ΔL*, Δa*, Δb*, and ΔE^*_ab values after 10 times of shampooing than those dyed with cationic and nonionic basic hair dyes (α = 0.05), indicating a lower color resistance for the anionic basic hair dye. Color difference after shampooing was significantly higher when alkaline shampoo was used (α = 0.05). Overall, the color difference after shampooing occurred more by the type of dye than by the type of shampoo.