Physiological Effects of Calprotectin and B Cell Activating Factor in COVID-19 Patients

Objectives: This study set out to determine how Calprotectin and B cell activating factor contributes to early COVID-19 patient severity prediction. Methods: The study included 25 healthy controls and 52 patients with SARS-COV2 infection who were clinically diagnosed with COVID-19 illness and were between the ages of 23 and 35. The serum levels of CALP and BAFF were measured using the ELISA method. To gauge CRP levels, an immunoturbidometric assay was performed. Results: Variations in serum levels of CALP and BAFF were found to be statistically insignificant in the study (P=0.7109 & P=0.7575, respectively). When compared to the control group (103.95±36.67 ng/mL; 403.03±1.03), COVID-19 patients had non-significantly raised levels of CALP and BAFF (106.5±4.67 ng/mL; 436.9±12.77 pg/mL, respectively). According to ROC curve analysis, the area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (AUC) for CALP and BAFF was (0.5170) and (0.5259), respectively. (r=0.6923; P=0.0001). There was a significant positive correlation between serum CALP and BAFF levels. The connection between serum CRP levels and CALP (r=0.3010; P=0.1271) and BAFF levels (r=0.2912; P=0.1406) was insignificantly positive. Conclusion: The current study's findings suggested that serum CALP and BAFF concentrations were increased in COVID-19 patients, suggesting that these inflammatory markers may be helpful indicators of the severity of COVID-19.