巴黎国家自然历史博物馆古生物学藏品中巨型动物骨骼的人类学修改:潘潘更新世人的历史方面和意义

IF 0.6 4区 地球科学 Q3 ANTHROPOLOGY
Marcelo Javier Toledo
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引用次数: 1

摘要

潘潘纪更新世人类存在的最丰富证据是修改过的骨头,因为石器采集点位于300多公里外。因此,我们专注于骨修饰的研究,特别是切割和敲击痕迹。我们研究了阿根廷和欧洲博物馆的潘潘亚古生物收藏,作为以前未被注意到的人类改造证据的替代资源。我们比较了从中更新世遗址(Vallonet、Atapuerca、Lazaret、Arago和Terra Amata)到更新世晚期遗址(Abri Pataud、Isturiz和La Vache)的不同气候和文化适应的考古藏品的标志特征。标记类型学被定义,导致识别一个特殊的切割标记,我们命名为双平行,被认为是人类使用石器制品的高度诊断。我们还提出在胴体加工中使用了带帽的人工制品。死前骨修饰根据标记形态(例如,敲击纹)、推断的手势或动作(例如,骨干断裂)和推断的动作目的(例如,骨髓提取)进行分类。从历史收藏('Angelis-Vilardebó, 1847, Muñiz-Dupotet, 1842和Breton-Bonnement, 1881)中分析的巨型动物标本显示出与肢解,拔牙,舌和咬齿提取以及用作砧相适应的修改。背景资料(位置、地层学)的缺乏和博物馆选择/收集的相关材料的丢失阻碍了古环境和古生态的推断。区域地质表明,大部分历史藏品出土于70 ~ 13ky BP的河堤切割处。初步的直接年代测定显示,至少从OIS 2开始,就有潘潘亚人居住的证据。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Anthropic modifications on megafauna bones in the paleontological collections of the Museum national d’Histoire naturelle de Paris: Historical aspects and implications for the Pampean Pleistocene peopling

The most abundant evidence of Pampean Pleistocene human presence are modified bones, as lithic procurement sites located farther than 300 km away. Therefore, we focused on the study of bone modifications, in particular cut and percussion marks. We studied Pampean paleontological collections of Argentine and European museums as an alternative resource of previously unnoticed human modification evidences. We compared marks characteristics with those of archaeological collections from diverse climatic and cultural adaptations, from middle Pleistocene sites (Vallonet, Atapuerca, Lazaret, Arago and Terra Amata) to terminal Pleistocene ones (Abri Pataud, Isturiz and La Vache). Marks typologies were defined, leading to the identification of a particular cutmark that we named double parallel considered as highly diagnostic of anthropic use of lithic artifacts. We also propose that hafted artifacts were used on carcass processing. Perimortem bone modifications are classified in relation with mark morphology (e.g., percussion striae), inferred gesture or action (e.g., breakage of diaphysis), and inferred objective of that action (e.g., marrow extraction). The megafauna specimens analyzed from the historical collections (d’Angelis-Vilardebó, 1847, Muñiz-Dupotet, 1842 and Breton-Bonnement, 1881) present modifications compatible with dismemberment, defleshing, tongue and masseter extraction, and utilization as anvils. The lack of contextual data (location, stratigraphy) and the loss due to museum selection/collecting of accompanying material prevent paleoenvironmental and paleoecological inferences. Regional geology indicates that most of the historical collections were exhumed in riverbank cuts with ages between 70 and 13 ky BP. Preliminary direct dating presents evidence of a Pampean human occupation, at least, since OIS 2.

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来源期刊
Anthropologie
Anthropologie ANTHROPOLOGY-
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
0.00%
发文量
59
期刊介绍: First published in 1890, Anthropologie remains one of the most important journals devoted to prehistoric sciences and paleoanthropology. It regularly publishes thematic issues, originalsarticles and book reviews.
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