谁能在家工作?

IF 8.7 1区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES
Daniel Garrote Sanchez, Nicolás Gómez Parra, C. Ozden, Bob Rijkers, Mariana Viollaz, H. Winkler
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引用次数: 97

摘要

摘要本文回顾了可以在家工作的新兴文献,并根据职业的任务内容、技术要求以及国家和收入群体的互联网接入情况,对此类工作的流行率进行了新的估计。在全球范围内,每五份工作中就有一份可以在家里完成。在低收入国家,这一比例降至每26个工作岗位中就有一个。如果不考虑互联网接入,就会对贫穷国家、落后地区和贫困工人的复原力产生向上的偏差估计。由于收入较高的工人更有可能在家工作,新冠肺炎可能会加剧不平等,尤其是在收入较高、教育程度较高的工人免受冲击的富裕国家。新冠肺炎对贫困国家劳动力市场的总体负担注定会更大,因为这些国家只有一小部分工人可以在家工作,社会保护系统较弱。在全球范围内,受教育程度低的年轻工人和临时合同工人最不可能在家工作,更容易受到新冠肺炎劳动力市场冲击的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Who on Earth Can Work from Home?
Abstract This paper reviews the emerging literature on which jobs can be performed from home and presents new estimates of the prevalence of such jobs based on the task content of occupations, their technology requirements and the availability of internet access by country and income groupings. Globally, one of every five jobs can be performed from home. In low-income countries, this ratio drops to one of every 26 jobs. Failing to account for internet access yields upward biased estimates of the resilience of poor countries, lagging regions, and poor workers. Since better paid workers are more likely to be able to work from home, COVID-19 is likely to exacerbate inequality, especially in richer countries where better paid and educated workers are insulated from the shock. The overall labor market burden of COVID-19 is bound to be larger in poor countries, where only a small share of workers can work from home and social protection systems are weaker. Across the globe, young, poorly educated workers and those on temporary contracts are least likely to be able to work from home and more vulnerable to the labor market shocks from COVID-19.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
12.60
自引率
1.20%
发文量
8
期刊介绍: The World Bank Journals, including the Research Observer, boast the largest circulation among economics titles. The Research Observer is distributed freely to over 9,100 subscribers in non-OECD countries. Geared towards informing nonspecialist readers about research within and outside the Bank, it covers areas of economics relevant for development policy. Intended for policymakers, project officers, journalists, and educators, its surveys and overviews require only minimal background in economic analysis. Articles are not sent to referees but are assessed and approved by the Editorial Board, including distinguished economists from outside the Bank. The Observer has around 1,500 subscribers in OECD countries and nearly 10,000 subscribers in developing countries.
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