54个东部黑核桃品种表型和形态性状的遗传变异

IF 1.2 4区 农林科学 Q3 HORTICULTURE
Nicholas A. Meier, M. Coggeshall, J. Webber, Elias Bunting, Ronald S. Revord
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引用次数: 1

摘要

东部黑胡桃(Juglans nigra)是美国东部特有的一种大树,因其木材产品和独特风味的坚果而备受追捧。位于美国密苏里州新富兰克林的密苏里大学农林中心拥有一个东部黑胡桃品种库。该系列支持正在进行的育种计划,以提高坚果生产的经济性能(粒重、坚果质量、早熟性和产量)。1996年,54个品种被嫁接并种植在一系列试验果园中进行评估。从2001年到2015年,对树木的12个酚类性状和8个坚果质量/产量性状进行了评估。经济相关性状,包括粒重、粒率和早熟(6至10年生的总坚果),分别为每棵树1.1至8.6克、5.3%至39.3%和16至1522个总坚果。粒率与粒重(r=0.51)和早熟性(r=0.38)呈正相关,早熟性与第一次(r=-0.39)和最后一次(r=0.30)雌性开花呈负相关。主成分分析和biplot分析显示,不同品种之间存在高度变异。前两个组成部分解释了43.4%的总变异。螺母尺寸(螺母长度和厚度)、螺母和内核重量以及内核百分比是该系列变化的最大驱动因素。早熟的特征向量和粒重百分比一起,并且与粒重正交,表明这三个重要性状可以同时得到改善。此外,坚果长度加载内核重量,提供了一个候选的间接选择参数来增加内核重量。这些数据为杂交方案设计、多性状遗传增益预期、互补杂交和鉴定独特重组体的策略提供了信息。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Genetic Variation Among 54 Eastern Black Walnut Cultivars for Phenological and Morphological Traits
Eastern black walnut (Juglans nigra) is a large tree endemic to the eastern United States and is highly sought after for its timber products and uniquely flavored nuts. The University of Missouri Center for Agroforestry in New Franklin, MO, USA, hosts an eastern black walnut cultivar repository. This collection supports an ongoing breeding program to improve economic performance for nut production (kernel weight, nut quality, precocity, and yield). In 1996, 54 cultivars were grafted and planted in a series of experimental orchards for evaluation. From 2001 until 2015, trees were evaluated for 12 phenological and eight nut quality/yield traits. Economically relevant traits including kernel weight, kernel percentage, and precocity (total nuts produced age 6 to 10 years) ranged from 1.1 to 8.6 g, 5.3% to 39.3%, and 16 to 1522 total nuts per tree, respectively. Kernel percentage was positively correlated with kernel weight (r = 0.51) and precocity (r = 0.38). Precocity was negatively correlated with the first (r = −0.39) and last (r = −0.30) female bloom. Principal component analysis and biplot analyses revealed high levels of variation among the cultivars. The first two components explain 43.4% of the total variation. Nut dimensions (nut length and nut thickness), nut and kernel weight, and kernel percentage are the largest drivers of variation in the collection. Eigenvectors for precocity and kernel percentage load together and are orthogonal to kernel weight, suggesting these three important traits can be improved simultaneously. Also, nut length loads with kernel weight, providing a candidate indirect selection parameter to increase kernel weight. These data inform strategies for crossing scheme design, expectations for multitrait genetic gain, complementary hybridization, and identifying unique recombinants.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
31
审稿时长
2 months
期刊介绍: The Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science publishes papers on the results of original research on horticultural plants and their products or directly related research areas. Its prime function is to communicate mission-oriented, fundamental research to other researchers. The journal includes detailed reports of original research results on various aspects of horticultural science and directly related subjects such as: - Biotechnology - Developmental Physiology - Environmental Stress Physiology - Genetics and Breeding - Photosynthesis, Sources-Sink Physiology - Postharvest Biology - Seed Physiology - Postharvest Biology - Seed Physiology - Soil-Plant-Water Relationships - Statistics
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