Biogenic ZnO nanoflowers: As an alternative antibacterial nanomedicine

Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles have been widely investigated for the development of next-generation nano-antibiotics against broad range of microorganisms including multi-drug resistance. The morphology of nanomaterials plays important role in antibacterial activity. The research goal is focused on development of low-cost antibacterial agent. The biosynthesis method was used to make ZnO nanoflowers. The antibacterial activity of these biogenic ZnO nanoflowers was analyzed by three methods: growth curve, well diffusion, and colony forming unit counts (CFU) assays. The assay methods used in this study confirmed the antibacterial activity of ZnO nanoflowers. The growth curve shows 0.5 mg/mL concentration of ZnO nanoflowers act as an effective bactericide as no significant optical absorption and virtually bacterial growth observed. The inhibition zone was found 25 mm at 70 µg of ZnO nanoflowers. The unique, simplistic, environmental-friendly, and cost-effective biosynthesis method was established for the ZnO nanoflowers using biomass of Bacillus licheniformis. The resulted ZnO nanoflowers show excellent antibacterial activity which could be used an alternative of antibiotics in therapeutic processes.