时间流逝中的政治社会性:希巴特·丁·沙赫拉斯塔尼与奥斯曼帝国后期的纳贾菲复兴

IF 1.3 3区 社会学 Q1 AREA STUDIES
Sara Pursley
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引用次数: 1

摘要

摘要本文探讨了纳贾菲神职人员希巴特·丁·沙赫拉斯塔尼(1884-1967)在第一次世界大战前的著作,将其置于1914年英国入侵巴士拉之前的更广泛的伊斯兰复兴运动、伊朗宪法革命、阿拉伯纳赫达和奥斯曼帝国什叶派圣地中。它提出了四个论点。首先,沙赫拉斯塔尼对宪政、伊斯兰团结、复兴和自我培养的呼吁都是为了回应他所认为的欧洲帝国扩张对他的世界构成的直接和生存威胁。其次,他试图以各种方式动员他所称的伊斯兰社会实践来应对这种威胁。借用他自己对这些实践的理论,我运用政治社会性的概念来收集他培养各种社会组合的尝试——包括新的和旧的起源——这些社会组合将培养有能力抵抗欧洲侵略的穆斯林主体。第三,他的社会性和政治时间性概念,尽管经常与更广泛研究的纳赫达逊尼派和基督教改革者的概念产生共鸣,但其特殊性与他对主体形成的理解、作品中即将发生的灾难的感觉以及圣地城市的边界背景有关。这些概念不一定与现代领土国家的民族主义和纪律项目有关,而是由紧迫性而非延期性所激发的。最后,我思考了al-Shahrastani的社会性理论和最终的革命理论(al-thawra)如何揭示了这些城市中改革派和即将成为反叛分子的ShiʿI公众的历史构成中的时刻。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Political Sociality in the Narrowing of Time: Hibat al-Din al-Shahrastani and the Late Ottoman Najafi Revival
Abstract This article explores the pre–World War I writings of the Najafi cleric Hibat al-Din al-Shahrastani (1884–1967), situating them within the broader Islamic revival movement, the Iranian Constitutional Revolution, the Arabic Nahda, and the Ottoman Shiʿi shrine cities in the years preceding the British invasion of Basra in 1914. It makes four arguments. First, al-Shahrastani's calls for constitutionalism, Islamic unity, revival, and the cultivation of the self were all attempts to respond to what he saw as the immediate and existential threat to his world posed by European imperial expansion. Second, he attempted in a variety of ways to mobilize what he called the Islamic social practices against this threat. Borrowing from his own theorization of these practices, I employ the concept of political sociality to gather his attempts to foster various social assemblages—of both newer and older provenance—that would cultivate Muslim subjects with the capacity to resist European aggression. Third, his conceptions of sociality and of political temporality, although often resonant with those of the more widely studied Sunni and Christian reformers of the Nahda, had specificities that I relate to his understandings of subject formation, the sense of impending calamity in his writings, and the borderlands context of the shrine cities. These conceptions were not necessarily affiliated with the nationalist and disciplinary project of the modern territorial state and were animated by a temporality of urgency rather than deferral. Finally, I consider how al-Shahrastani's theorizations of sociality and ultimately of revolution (al-thawra) reveal moments in the historical constitution of a reformist and soon-to-be insurgent Shiʿi public in these cities.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
0.90
自引率
10.00%
发文量
81
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Middle East Studies publishes original research on politics, society and culture in the Middle East from the seventh century to the present day. The journal also covers Spain, south-east Europe, and parts of Africa, South Asia, and the former Soviet Union for subjects of relevance to Middle Eastern civilization. Particular attention is paid to the history, politics, economics, anthropology, sociology, literature, and cultural studies of the area and to comparative religion, theology, law, and philosophy. Each issue contains approximately 50 pages of detailed book reviews. Subscribers to the print version also receive the Review of Middle East Studies free. Published under the auspices of the Middle East Studies Association of North America
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