Emerging trends in extraction and analytical techniques for bromelain

Abstract Bromelain, a proteolytic enzyme isolated from the stem and fruit of Ananas comosus has gained tremendous importance as anti-inflammatory, anticancer, and fibrinolytic agent in the clinical field. Recent anti-cancer and anti-thrombolytic activity of Bromelain has opened new areas of research in the field of safety and efficacy. Bromelain is widely used since time immemorial alone and in combination with other drugs in the treatment of Rheumatoid Arthritis. The review aims to evaluate various extraction and analytical techniques employed for the assay of Bromelain in complex enzymatic mixtures which involves the use of diverse derivatizing agents with variable sensitivity and accuracy. The review focuses on homogenous and heterogenous techniques used for the estimation of Bromelain in the crude extract. This review also emphasizes on separation novel techniques, such as ion-exchange chromatography for isolation and purification of Bromelain supported by Gel Chromatography. This review also aims to provide deep insight into recent reverse micellar techniques employed as an effective tool for the purification of Bromelain. An overview of hyphenated bioanalytical techniques, such as LC-MS/MS for analysis of Bromelain in Plasma is also inculcated in the study. The techniques presented in the study provide diversified tools employed for the analysis of Bromelain in crude mixtures of complex enzymes of clinical significance. GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT