高水平足球职业可供性的准备情况：葡萄牙的两个案例研究

IF 1.8 4区教育学 Q2 EDUCATION, SPECIAL

High Ability Studies Pub Date : 2020-02-16 DOI:10.1080/13598139.2020.1728191

H. Sarmento, D. Araújo

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引用次数: 1

摘要

摘要本研究调查了导致具有相同训练经验和基因的足球运动员职业道路截然不同的因素。我们研究了32名曾两次获得世界冠军的U-20天才球员中的两个配对案例。第一个配对病例是一对同卵双胞胎，他们踢足球的时间完全相同，但其中只有一人入选国家队。第二个配对案例是指一名受伤退出足球生涯的杰出球员和接替他进入国家队的球员。进行半结构化访谈，然后进行归纳分析。研究结果描述了只有那些准备在这种罕见事件发生时巧妙行动的人才能抓住的机会（可供性）。根据这种启示采取行动（或不采取行动）可能会极大地改变球员职业生涯的结果。这些结果表明，专家绩效和高成就是由几个表演者环境因素的自组织产生的。对这样的机会（启示）采取行动意味着在感知上适应并为不可预测的事件做好准备。这项研究建立在生态动力学方法的基础上，为进一步了解专业知识和专家表现提供了基础。

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Readiness for career affordances in high-level football: Two case studies in Portugal

ABSTRACT This study investigates the factors driving football players with identical training experience and genetics to have dramatically different career paths. We studied two paired cases from a pool of 32 talented U-20 players who were twice World Champions. The first paired case is a set of monozygotic twins that played football for exactly the same period of time yet only one of them was selected for the national team. The second paired case refers to an outstanding player who got injured and withdrew from his football career and the player who replaced him in the national team. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and then analyzed inductively. The results provide a description of opportunities (affordances) that could only be taken by those who were ready to act skillfully when such rare event occurred. To act on such affordances (or not) may dramatically change the outcome of a player’s career. These results suggest that expert performance and high achievement emerge from circumstances resulting from the self-organization of several performer-environmental factors. Acting on such opportunities (affordances) implies being perceptually attuned to and ready for unpredictable events. This research builds on the ecological dynamics approach and provides a basis for further understanding of expertise and expert performance.

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来源期刊

High Ability Studies Multiple-

CiteScore

4.80

自引率

11.10%

发文量

期刊介绍： High Ability Studies provides a forum for scholars in a variety of disciplines associated with the development of human abilities to their highest level. It is a medium for the promotion of high ability, whether through the communication of scientific research, theory, or the exchange of practical experience and ideas. The contents of this journal are unique in reflecting concerns and recent developments in this area from childhood and across the whole life span in a variety of contexts. Far from being restricted to the traditional focus on high-level cognitive development, it also presents investigations into all other areas of human endeavour, including sport, technology, the arts, business, management and social relations.