Gamal M. El-Sherbiny, Ahmed Mohamed Gazelly, Mohammed H. Sharaf, Saad A. Moghannemm, Shehata M. E, Mahmoud K.A. Ismail, Ahmad S. El-Hawary
{"title":"萨尔瓦多Persica(Miswak)提取物的抗菌、抗菌膜和抗氧化活性的开发","authors":"Gamal M. El-Sherbiny, Ahmed Mohamed Gazelly, Mohammed H. Sharaf, Saad A. Moghannemm, Shehata M. E, Mahmoud K.A. Ismail, Ahmad S. El-Hawary","doi":"10.1016/j.jobab.2022.11.006","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The <em>Salvadora persica</em> (<em>S. persica</em>) L. chewing stick, usually known as miswak, is still being employed as an oral hygiene agent for plaque and gingivitis prevention. This study aims to assess the antibacterial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, and phytochemical profile of <em>S. persica</em> extract. The <em>S. persica</em> was purchased from a local market, grinded and extracted with petroleum ether. The disk diffusion, microdilution, and micro-plate assays were performed to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of the prepared extract at different concentrations against <em>β</em>-lactam resistance <em>Streptococcus</em> species. Free radical scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and stable radical cationic chromophore, 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) methods were used to determine their antioxidant activity. Chromatographic and spectrometric analyses were performed using gas chromatography-mass (GC-MS) spectrometry. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of <em>S. persica</em> extract against <em>β</em>-lactam resistance <em>Streptococcus</em> species ranged from 6.25 to 12.5 mg/mL. The maximum suppression of biofilm formation by <em>S. persica</em> extract was observed at MIC with a percentage of 68.66%, against <em>Streptococcus oralis.</em> The <em>S. persica</em> extract exhibited antioxidant activity with IC<sub>50</sub> of 20 µg/mL and 35 µg/mL from DPPH and ABTS, respectively. The phytochemical characterization showed the presence of 22 compounds with major compounds; benzyl isothiocyanate (36.21%) and n-hexadecanoic acid (27.62%). The <em>S. persica</em> extract exhibited antibacterial activity against <em>β</em>-lactam resistant <em>Streptococcus</em> species, showing a promising natural alternative that could be a treatment option.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":20.2000,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"4","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Exploitation of the antibacterial, antibiofilm and antioxidant activities of Salvadora Persica (Miswak) extract\",\"authors\":\"Gamal M. El-Sherbiny, Ahmed Mohamed Gazelly, Mohammed H. Sharaf, Saad A. Moghannemm, Shehata M. E, Mahmoud K.A. Ismail, Ahmad S. El-Hawary\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.jobab.2022.11.006\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>The <em>Salvadora persica</em> (<em>S. persica</em>) L. chewing stick, usually known as miswak, is still being employed as an oral hygiene agent for plaque and gingivitis prevention. This study aims to assess the antibacterial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, and phytochemical profile of <em>S. persica</em> extract. The <em>S. persica</em> was purchased from a local market, grinded and extracted with petroleum ether. The disk diffusion, microdilution, and micro-plate assays were performed to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of the prepared extract at different concentrations against <em>β</em>-lactam resistance <em>Streptococcus</em> species. Free radical scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and stable radical cationic chromophore, 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) methods were used to determine their antioxidant activity. Chromatographic and spectrometric analyses were performed using gas chromatography-mass (GC-MS) spectrometry. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of <em>S. persica</em> extract against <em>β</em>-lactam resistance <em>Streptococcus</em> species ranged from 6.25 to 12.5 mg/mL. The maximum suppression of biofilm formation by <em>S. persica</em> extract was observed at MIC with a percentage of 68.66%, against <em>Streptococcus oralis.</em> The <em>S. persica</em> extract exhibited antioxidant activity with IC<sub>50</sub> of 20 µg/mL and 35 µg/mL from DPPH and ABTS, respectively. The phytochemical characterization showed the presence of 22 compounds with major compounds; benzyl isothiocyanate (36.21%) and n-hexadecanoic acid (27.62%). The <em>S. persica</em> extract exhibited antibacterial activity against <em>β</em>-lactam resistant <em>Streptococcus</em> species, showing a promising natural alternative that could be a treatment option.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":52344,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":20.2000,\"publicationDate\":\"2023-02-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"4\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"1085\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2369969822000743\",\"RegionNum\":0,\"RegionCategory\":null,\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q1\",\"JCRName\":\"MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2369969822000743","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"MATERIALS SCIENCE, PAPER & WOOD","Score":null,"Total":0}
Exploitation of the antibacterial, antibiofilm and antioxidant activities of Salvadora Persica (Miswak) extract
The Salvadora persica (S. persica) L. chewing stick, usually known as miswak, is still being employed as an oral hygiene agent for plaque and gingivitis prevention. This study aims to assess the antibacterial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, and phytochemical profile of S. persica extract. The S. persica was purchased from a local market, grinded and extracted with petroleum ether. The disk diffusion, microdilution, and micro-plate assays were performed to evaluate the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of the prepared extract at different concentrations against β-lactam resistance Streptococcus species. Free radical scavenging 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and stable radical cationic chromophore, 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) methods were used to determine their antioxidant activity. Chromatographic and spectrometric analyses were performed using gas chromatography-mass (GC-MS) spectrometry. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of S. persica extract against β-lactam resistance Streptococcus species ranged from 6.25 to 12.5 mg/mL. The maximum suppression of biofilm formation by S. persica extract was observed at MIC with a percentage of 68.66%, against Streptococcus oralis. The S. persica extract exhibited antioxidant activity with IC50 of 20 µg/mL and 35 µg/mL from DPPH and ABTS, respectively. The phytochemical characterization showed the presence of 22 compounds with major compounds; benzyl isothiocyanate (36.21%) and n-hexadecanoic acid (27.62%). The S. persica extract exhibited antibacterial activity against β-lactam resistant Streptococcus species, showing a promising natural alternative that could be a treatment option.