碳纤维分解成可呼吸纤维状碎片趋势的研究

IF 4 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Fibers Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI:10.3390/fib11060050
A. Meyer‐Plath, D. Kehren, A. Große, Romy Naumann, Marcel Hofmann, Tanja Schneck, A. Ota, F. Hermanutz, N. Dziurowitz, C. Thim, S. Plitzko, Daphne Bäger
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引用次数: 0

摘要

最近有报道称,中间相沥青基碳纤维聚合物复合材料在加工和拉伸测试过程中释放出大量可吸入性和临界长纤维形状碎片,这引起了人们对吸入毒理学的关注。由于碳纤维及其碎片被认为具有固有的生物耐久性,纤维致病性范式推动了实验室测试方法的发展,以评估不同类型的碳纤维形成此类碎片的倾向。采用摆动球磨机冲击磨法对碳纤维进行剥落试验。得到的碎片分散在轨迹蚀刻膜滤光片上,并用扫描电镜对其进行形貌分析。该方法应用于由聚丙烯腈、中间相或各向同性沥青合成的九种不同类型的碳纤维,涵盖了广泛的材料性能。在所研究的材料之间观察到形成碎片的形态学有显著差异。对这些数据进行统计分析,将分解特性与材料特性联系起来,并根据碳纤维形成可呼吸纤维碎片的倾向对其进行排序。与中间相沥青基碳纤维相比,聚丙烯腈基碳纤维和各向同性沥青基碳纤维的这一趋势较低,但仍然显著。虽然目前文献中只有少数关于在加工聚丙烯腈基碳纤维复合材料过程中可吸入纤维粉尘浓度增加的报道,但我们得出结论,这种材料有可能形成WHO尺寸的关键纤维形态。为了实现安全和可持续的碳纤维增强复合材料,更好地了解控制碳纤维碎片的材料特性是必不可少的。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Investigation of the Tendency of Carbon Fibers to Disintegrate into Respirable Fiber-Shaped Fragments
Recent reports of the release of large numbers of respirable and critically long fiber-shaped fragments from mesophase pitch-based carbon fiber polymer composites during machining and tensile testing have raised inhalation toxicological concerns. As carbon fibers and their fragments are to be considered as inherently biodurable, the fiber pathogenicity paradigm motivated the development of a laboratory test method to assess the propensity of different types of carbon fibers to form such fragments. It uses spallation testing of carbon fibers by impact grinding in an oscillating ball mill. The resulting fragments were dispersed on track-etched membrane filters and morphologically analyzed by scanning electron microscopy. The method was applied to nine different carbon fiber types synthesized from polyacrylonitrile, mesophase or isotropic pitch, covering a broad range of material properties. Significant differences in the morphology of formed fragments were observed between the materials studied. These were statistically analyzed to relate disintegration characteristics to material properties and to rank the carbon fiber types according to their propensity to form respirable fiber fragments. This tendency was found to be lower for polyacrylonitrile-based and isotropic pitch-based carbon fibers than for mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers, but still significant. Although there are currently only few reports in the literature of increased respirable fiber dust concentrations during the machining of polyacrylonitrile-based carbon fiber composites, we conclude that such materials have the potential to form critical fiber morphologies of WHO dimensions. For safe-and-sustainable carbon fiber-reinforced composites, a better understanding of the material properties that control the carbon fiber fragmentation is imperative.
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来源期刊
Fibers
Fibers Engineering-Civil and Structural Engineering
CiteScore
7.00
自引率
7.70%
发文量
92
审稿时长
11 weeks
期刊介绍: Fibers (ISSN 2079-6439) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal that publishes original articles, critical reviews, research notes and short communications on the materials science and all other empirical and theoretical studies of fibers, providing a forum for integrating fiber research across many disciplines. Our aim is to encourage scientists to publish their experimental and theoretical results in as much detail as possible. There is no restriction on the length of the papers. The full experimental details must be provided so that the results can be reproduced. Electronic files or software regarding the full details of the calculation and experimental procedure, if unable to be published in a normal way, can be deposited as supplementary material. The following topics are relevant and within the scope of this journal: -textile fibers -natural fibers and biological microfibrils -metallic fibers -optic fibers -carbon fibers -silicon carbide fibers -fiberglass -mineral fibers -cellulose fibers -polymer fibers -microfibers, nanofibers and nanotubes -new processing methods for fibers -chemistry of fiber materials -physical properties of fibers -exposure to and toxicology of fibers -biokinetics of fibers -the diversity of fiber origins
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