Numerical and Experimental Evaluation of Biomechanical Behavior of Single Implant-Supported Restorations Based on Angled Abutments with Different Gingival Heights

The effect of angle abutment on the stress distribution of bone tissue around implant is not clear. Using abutments with different gingival height (GH) may cause changes in the stress distribution of the implant and implant-bone interface. This study aims to investigate whether angled abutments with varied GH have a significant effect on stress distribution of surrounding bone and the biomechanical behavior of the implant system. Three implant-supported restoration models were designed by changing the angled abutment GH (1 mm, 3 mm and 5 mm). Force of 200N was applied on the crown surface at 45° to the long axis of the implants. The biomechanical performance of the restorations (including implants and angled abutments) and stress distribution pattern were evaluated by finite element analysis (FEA). Results showed that angled abutments with larger GH resulted in increased stresses on the implant and implant-bone interface.