Research progress in pulp tissue regeneration strategy in microenvironment

Pulpal and periapical diseases are the common diseases in human diseases. The traditional treatment method for these diseases is root canal treatment, which is to completely remove and control infection, repair or prevent periapical lesions by root canal mechanical preparation, chemical disinfection and filling. At present, although root canal treatments have a high success rate, there are still a series of problems. Dental pulp regeneration has attracted more and more attention from researchers in promoting the formation of pulp-like tissue in root canals. The ultimate goal of regenerative endodontics is to form a functional endodontic-dentin complex with inner blood vessels and nerves, outer layers of dentin cells arranged along the root canal wall, and new dentin formed by secreting matrix, so as to restore pulp vitality. Stem cells, scaffolds, biosignal molecules, and regenerative microenvironment are key tissue engineering factors that affect pulp regeneration. In this paper, the strategies and applications of pulp regeneration were reviewed around the above factors and clinical procedures. Key words: Pulp tissue regeneration; Pulp revascularization; Tissue engineering; Cell transplantation; Cells homing; Scaffolds; Microenviroment