1948-1977年,面包与以色列社会主义家长制的困境

IF 2.3 3区 经济学 Q2 ECONOMICS
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引用次数: 0

摘要

这是首次对二战后民主国家的面包管理进行研究。在以色列劳动社会主义制度下,面包主要由私人供应。在制定价格时,决策者要在生产者利润/小规模生产者的生存能力与消费者福利之间,以及在生产者利润与尽量减少通货膨胀和实际升值之间进行权衡。补贴一方面需要在生产者利润和消费者福利之间进行权衡,另一方面需要在财政责任和汇率统一之间进行权衡。我们研究了随着产业结构演变而发生的监管变化,并记录了生产者利润、消费者福利、财政责任和汇率统一的显性权重所发生的变化。在 1952-1977 年间,监管改革加速了以技术为基础的合理化进程,政策大力扶持消费者。这一过程并非一帆风顺:监管改革分为四个阶段,消费者福利、生产者利润、财政政策和汇率政策(有时)出现剧烈波动。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Bread and the dilemmas of socialist paternalism in Israel, 1948–1977

This is the first study of bread regulation in a post-World War II democratic country. Under Israel's Labor Socialist regime, bread was mostly privately supplied. In setting prices, policymakers faced tradeoffs between producer profits/viability of small-scale producers and consumer welfare, and between producer profits and minimizing inflation and real appreciation. Subsidization entailed a tradeoff between producer profits and consumer welfare on one hand, and fiscal responsibility and exchange rate unification on the other hand. We study the regulatory changes that took place as the industry structure evolved, and document the changes that occurred in the revealed weights of producer profits, consumer welfare, fiscal responsibility and exchange rate unification. Over 1952–1977, regulatory reforms accelerated the process of technologically-based rationalization, and policy was strongly pro-consumer. This process did not unfold smoothly: Regulatory changes occurred in four phases, with (sometimes) sharp fluctuations in consumer welfare, producer profits, fiscal policy and exchange rate policy.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.40
自引率
10.00%
发文量
106
期刊介绍: The aim of the European Journal of Political Economy is to disseminate original theoretical and empirical research on economic phenomena within a scope that encompasses collective decision making, political behavior, and the role of institutions. Contributions are invited from the international community of researchers. Manuscripts must be published in English. Starting 2008, the European Journal of Political Economy is indexed in the Social Sciences Citation Index published by Thomson Scientific (formerly ISI).
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