The Lunar One-Sixth Low Gravity Conduciveness to the Improvement of the Cold Resistance of Plants

For humanity to complete its ambitious solar system exploration, it is crucial to comprehend how terrestrial life reacts to differing planet gravity. We followed the life trajectory of an earth cotton seed's germination, development, and ultimate fate after prolonged exposure to extremely low temperatures using the life-regeneration ecosystem carried by Chang'e 4 probe, which landed on the Moon on January 3rd, 2019, for the first time in human history. In a controlled environment with similar characteristics, such as temperature, humidity, air pressure, and nutrition, we compared this life trajectory on the moon to that on Earth, except for the differences in gravity, light, and radiation. We discovered that the 1/6 g moon gravity speeds up seed germination. Surprisingly, Moon seed-lings demonstrated rapid acclimatization to super-freezing (below minus 52 degrees Celsius) under 1/6 g lunar gravity, maintaining upright and green despite exposure to long-term extremely cold temperatures for 18–24 hours. Based on cellular and molecular reactions caused by moon-low gravity, we suggest probable mechanisms for cold resilience. These unique findings will enhance our understanding of how plants adapt to suboptimal environmental conditions in space.