{"title":"使用年度树木年轮记录追踪加拿大安大略省南部核电站的本地放射性碳排放","authors":"Felix Vogel , Carley Crann , Michael F.J. Pisaric","doi":"10.1016/j.ancene.2022.100338","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Understanding the radiocarbon (<sup>14</sup>C) content of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) underlies many fields of research. This study shows how one can track the influence of nuclear power plants at the local and regional scale in Canada’s largest urban area. This area is subject to significant <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> depletion due to CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from fossil fuel burning. Tree cores collected across southern Ontario in 2018 show that tree-rings dated annually record the same decadal trends as atmospheric measurements at a background site. Tree cores taken closer to <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> or fossil fuel sources reflect those local influences. Data of <sup>14</sup>C from a site 20 kilometer downwind from a nuclear power plant is highly correlated (R<sup>2</sup>=0.76) with annually reported emissions from the plant for 2009-2018. Extending the analysis back to the 1990s shows that the emissions of <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> were 4-8 times higher than those at present. At that time, <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> emissions were sufficiently strong to affect a remote background monitoring site. Concerning the urban fossil fuel CO<sub>2</sub> emission signature, <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> in the cellulose of a tree from downtown Toronto has an extremely depleted Δ<sup>14</sup>C signature. The local signal from traffic emissions overshadows any <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> from nuclear emissions in the region. This study suggests that, with more cores to reflect the emissions of nuclear <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> before 1990 and more suitable urban sampling locations (i.e., representative of a neighborhood rather than one road), this approach has potential to better track the long-term impact of urbanization and nuclear power plants in Canada, and potentially elsewhere around the globe.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":56021,"journal":{"name":"Anthropocene","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.3000,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213305422000194/pdfft?md5=f439e344d0060a1f792fceb6620a1c2d&pid=1-s2.0-S2213305422000194-main.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Tracking local radiocarbon releases from nuclear power plants in southern Ontario (Canada) using annually-dated tree-ring records\",\"authors\":\"Felix Vogel , Carley Crann , Michael F.J. Pisaric\",\"doi\":\"10.1016/j.ancene.2022.100338\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div><p>Understanding the radiocarbon (<sup>14</sup>C) content of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) underlies many fields of research. This study shows how one can track the influence of nuclear power plants at the local and regional scale in Canada’s largest urban area. This area is subject to significant <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> depletion due to CO<sub>2</sub> emissions from fossil fuel burning. Tree cores collected across southern Ontario in 2018 show that tree-rings dated annually record the same decadal trends as atmospheric measurements at a background site. Tree cores taken closer to <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> or fossil fuel sources reflect those local influences. Data of <sup>14</sup>C from a site 20 kilometer downwind from a nuclear power plant is highly correlated (R<sup>2</sup>=0.76) with annually reported emissions from the plant for 2009-2018. Extending the analysis back to the 1990s shows that the emissions of <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> were 4-8 times higher than those at present. At that time, <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> emissions were sufficiently strong to affect a remote background monitoring site. Concerning the urban fossil fuel CO<sub>2</sub> emission signature, <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> in the cellulose of a tree from downtown Toronto has an extremely depleted Δ<sup>14</sup>C signature. The local signal from traffic emissions overshadows any <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> from nuclear emissions in the region. This study suggests that, with more cores to reflect the emissions of nuclear <sup>14</sup>CO<sub>2</sub> before 1990 and more suitable urban sampling locations (i.e., representative of a neighborhood rather than one road), this approach has potential to better track the long-term impact of urbanization and nuclear power plants in Canada, and potentially elsewhere around the globe.</p></div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":56021,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Anthropocene\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":3.3000,\"publicationDate\":\"2022-06-01\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213305422000194/pdfft?md5=f439e344d0060a1f792fceb6620a1c2d&pid=1-s2.0-S2213305422000194-main.pdf\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Anthropocene\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"89\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213305422000194\",\"RegionNum\":2,\"RegionCategory\":\"地球科学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Anthropocene","FirstCategoryId":"89","ListUrlMain":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213305422000194","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES","Score":null,"Total":0}
Tracking local radiocarbon releases from nuclear power plants in southern Ontario (Canada) using annually-dated tree-ring records
Understanding the radiocarbon (14C) content of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) underlies many fields of research. This study shows how one can track the influence of nuclear power plants at the local and regional scale in Canada’s largest urban area. This area is subject to significant 14CO2 depletion due to CO2 emissions from fossil fuel burning. Tree cores collected across southern Ontario in 2018 show that tree-rings dated annually record the same decadal trends as atmospheric measurements at a background site. Tree cores taken closer to 14CO2 or fossil fuel sources reflect those local influences. Data of 14C from a site 20 kilometer downwind from a nuclear power plant is highly correlated (R2=0.76) with annually reported emissions from the plant for 2009-2018. Extending the analysis back to the 1990s shows that the emissions of 14CO2 were 4-8 times higher than those at present. At that time, 14CO2 emissions were sufficiently strong to affect a remote background monitoring site. Concerning the urban fossil fuel CO2 emission signature, 14CO2 in the cellulose of a tree from downtown Toronto has an extremely depleted Δ14C signature. The local signal from traffic emissions overshadows any 14CO2 from nuclear emissions in the region. This study suggests that, with more cores to reflect the emissions of nuclear 14CO2 before 1990 and more suitable urban sampling locations (i.e., representative of a neighborhood rather than one road), this approach has potential to better track the long-term impact of urbanization and nuclear power plants in Canada, and potentially elsewhere around the globe.
AnthropoceneEarth and Planetary Sciences-Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous)
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
0.00%
发文量
27
审稿时长
102 days
期刊介绍:
Anthropocene is an interdisciplinary journal that publishes peer-reviewed works addressing the nature, scale, and extent of interactions that people have with Earth processes and systems. The scope of the journal includes the significance of human activities in altering Earth’s landscapes, oceans, the atmosphere, cryosphere, and ecosystems over a range of time and space scales - from global phenomena over geologic eras to single isolated events - including the linkages, couplings, and feedbacks among physical, chemical, and biological components of Earth systems. The journal also addresses how such alterations can have profound effects on, and implications for, human society. As the scale and pace of human interactions with Earth systems have intensified in recent decades, understanding human-induced alterations in the past and present is critical to our ability to anticipate, mitigate, and adapt to changes in the future. The journal aims to provide a venue to focus research findings, discussions, and debates toward advancing predictive understanding of human interactions with Earth systems - one of the grand challenges of our time.