老年人日常生活工具性活动的个性和局限性:12年的相互关联

IF 3.6 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL
Flavia S. Chereches, Yvonne Brehmer, G. Olaru
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引用次数: 0

摘要

据报道,人格特征可以预测老年人在进行日常生活工具活动(IADL)方面的困难,例如准备饭菜或购物。然而,对人格的相互影响知之甚少。在这项研究中,我们使用来自健康与退休研究的3540名老年人(65岁及以上)的四波纵向数据来检验人格特质与执行IADL能力之间的双向关系。我们采用随机截距交叉滞后面板模型来分离人与人之间和人与人之间的影响,并将其与传统的交叉滞后面板模型进行比较。在人际水平上,较高的神经质和较低的责任心与较高的IADL限制相关。在不同时间的个体中,神经质的增加、尽责性和外向性的减少与4年后IADL限制的增加有关。相比之下,IADL限制的增加只预示着神经质的增加和外向性的减少。这些结果表明,某些人格特质会影响老年人的功能限制,并受其影响。人内模型的结果为未来的人格干预奠定了坚实的基础,作为在老年保持高功能的途径。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Personality and limitations in instrumental activities of daily living in old age: Reciprocal associations across 12 years
Personality traits have been reported to predict difficulties in performing instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in old age, such as preparing meals or shopping. However, little is known about the reciprocal effects on personality. In this study, we examined bidirectional relationships between personality traits and the capacity to perform IADL using four waves of longitudinal data from 3540 older adults (aged 65 years and older) from the Health and Retirement Study. We applied a random-intercept cross-lagged panel model to separate between- and within-person effects across time and compared it to a traditional cross-lagged panel model. At the between-person level, higher neuroticism and lower conscientiousness were associated with more IADL limitations. Within individuals across time, increases in neuroticism and decreases in conscientiousness and extraversion were associated with increases in IADL limitations 4 years later. In contrast, increases in IADL limitations only predicted increases in neuroticism and decreases in extraversion. These results indicate that some personality traits affect and are affected by limitations in functional capacities in old age. Results of the within-person model build a strong foundation for future personality interventions as a pathway to maintain high functioning in old age.
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来源期刊
European Journal of Personality
European Journal of Personality PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL-
CiteScore
11.90
自引率
8.50%
发文量
48
期刊介绍: It is intended that the journal reflects all areas of current personality psychology. The Journal emphasizes (1) human individuality as manifested in cognitive processes, emotional and motivational functioning, and their physiological and genetic underpinnings, and personal ways of interacting with the environment, (2) individual differences in personality structure and dynamics, (3) studies of intelligence and interindividual differences in cognitive functioning, and (4) development of personality differences as revealed by cross-sectional and longitudinal studies.
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